不同卵黄成分、大豆卵磷脂及β-环糊精胆固醇对马精子冷冻效果的影响

本研究旨在比较添加不同浓度的卵黄成分（全卵黄（EY）、卵黄浆蛋白（EYP）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）及水溶性卵黄蛋白（livetin））、大豆卵磷脂（SL）及β-环糊精胆固醇（CLC）对马精子冷冻效果的影响。选择4匹成年英纯血种公马进行采精，试验1：以INRA82+3.5%的混合抗冻剂作为基础冷冻液，添加0、2%、4%和8%浓度的EY、LDL、EYP或水溶性卵黄蛋白；试验2：以4%全卵黄组为对照，添加1%、2%和4% SL；试验3：在INRA82+3.5%的混合抗冻剂+4% EY基础液中添加0、0.75、1.5和3 mg/mL浓度的CLC。结果显示，EYP、LDL及水溶性卵黄蛋白3种卵黄组分均对马精子冷冻具有显著保护作用（P<0.05），但不同卵黄组分之间及与EY组相比保护效果无显著差异（P>0.05）；添加低浓度（1%）的SL精子冻融后活力与对照组（4% EY组）相比无显著差异（P>0.05），但添加高浓度SL组（2%和4%）冻融后精子TM、PM及RAP值均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；添加不同浓度的CLC解冻后精子活力与未添加组无显著差异（P>0.05）。研究结果表明，卵黄中EYP、LDL和水溶性卵黄蛋白均对精子保护有效，保护效果与EY无显著差异；1% SL可获得与卵黄相似的保护效果；在含有卵黄的基础冷冻液中添加CLC未能提高精子冻后活力。

Effect of Different Yolk Composition,Soybean Lecithin and Cholesterol-loaded Cyclodextrin on Equine Sperm Cryopreservation

In the present study,we investigated the effect of different yolk components (whole egg yolk (EY),egg yolk plasma proteins (EYP),low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and livetin),soy lecithin (SL) and cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) on equine sperm cryopreservation.Semen was collected from 4 adult thoroughbred stallions,experiments 1:Adding 0,2%,4% and 8% concentration of EY,LDL,EYP or livetin in INRA82+3.5% combination cryoprotectants;Experiments 2:Adding 1%,2% and 4% SL with 4% EY as control group;Experiment 3:Adding 0,0.75,1.5 and 3 mg/mL concentration of CLC.The results showed that EYP,LDL and livetin had a significant cryoprotective function(P<0.05),but no significant difference was observed between different components of the yolk and whole egg yolk (P>0.05);Addition of 1% SL obtained similar cryopreservation result with the control group (4% egg yolk) (P>0.05),but post-thaw TM,PM and RAP supplemented with 2% and 4% SL group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05);There was no significant difference between different concentrations of CLC group and the control group in thawed sperm motility (P>0.05).In conclusion,EYP,LDL and livetin had a significant cryoprotective function,but no significant difference with EY;Addition of 1% SL could obtain similar cryopreservation result with the 4% EY group;Supplying CLC in extender contain egg yolk could not improve post-thaw equine semen quality.