辣椒果皮颜色的遗传分析

以商品成熟期果皮紫色(245)、绿色(246)、乳白色(247)的3份辣椒品系为亲本,配制杂交组合245×246和245×247,构建6世代遗传群体,通过目测分级、色差仪分析测定P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2各单株的辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色L值、C值和颜色级值,并应用6个世代联合分析法研究辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色的遗传规律。结果表明,辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色遗传为细胞核遗传,紫-绿组合的辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色性状符合1对加性主基因+加性-显性混合多基因模型,即D-2模型,其L值、C值和颜色级值F2主基因遗传率分别为22.39%、91.39%和82.26%;紫-白组合的辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色性状符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位多基因模型,即E-0模型,其L值、C值和颜色级值F2主基因遗传率分别为87.02%、94.34%和97.54%。表明主基因遗传力较强,多基因遗传力和环境效应影响弱,在育种时对辣椒商品成熟期果皮颜色的选择应在早期分离世代进行。

Genetic Analysis on Pepper Peel Color

Taking 3 pepper（Capsicum frutescens L.）varieties with peel colors of purple（‘245’），green （‘246’），white（‘247’） as parents，this study crossed‘ 245×246’ and‘ 245×247’，then constructed 6 generations of genetic population. And by adopting visual grading plus chromatic meter analysis to measure the L value，C value and color value of single commodity pepper plant peel color during maturity on generations of P₁，P₂，F₁，F₂，B₁ and B₂. Their peel color inheritances were studied by the method of conjoint analysis on 6 generations. The results showed that the inheritance of fruit peel color traits of commodity maturity accorded with the nucleus of genetic，and the major gene and polygene（D-2 model）inheritance of fruit peel color of commodity maturity in the purple-green combination accorded with the additive and hybrid additive-dominance pattern， that was D-2 model. Its L value，C value and color value of major gene heritability in F₂ of the purple-green combination were 22.39%，91.39% and 82.26%，respectively. The major gene and polygene（E-0 model） inheritance of fruit peel color of commodity maturity in the purple-white combination accorded with the additivedominance- epitasis pattern.Its L value，C value and color value of major gene heritability in F₂ of the purplewhite combination were 87.02%，94.34% and 97.54%，respectively. These results indicated that the major gene heritability in F₂ was stronger，while the polygene heritability and environmental effect were weaker. So the fruit peel color of commodity maturity breeding should be selected in the early generation.