甘蓝型油菜的抗耐病性及其遗传效应研究

 以一批甘蓝型普通油菜和单、双低油菜品种（系）及其组配的不同杂交组合为材料，进行田间自然鉴定和室内人工接种相结合的系统鉴定与研究，结果表明，与育种实践所获得结果一致。现有甘蓝型油菜（包括双高和单、双低优质油菜）品种（系）间存在着抗耐菌核病性的显著差异，用强耐病性亲本组配的杂交和回交1代2代，均具明显的偏亲本的强耐病特性，并表现强耐病性为部分显性，表明基因型间存在耐病性差异，这种耐病性具有较高遗传力（56%-64.8%）。在今后育种中选用强耐病亲本杂交或回交，并加强早期世代的分离、鉴定与选择，就可能选育出耐病性强的单、双低优质油菜新品种。现已获得一批耐菌核病性强的单、双低甘蓝型油菜品种和系选材料，并为优质抗耐病高产育种提供了有益的分离鉴定和选择方法。

STUDY ON TOLERANCE TO SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIRUM AND THE HEREDIT ARY PROPERTIES IN B.NAPUS

Using a number of B. napus varieties or lines (including double-high, single and double-low) and their different cross combinations as the experiment materials, combining two-sclerotinia identifying systems: 1, identifying by nature in field; 2, identifying by artificially, we inoculating, obtained similar results to those in previous breeding programs. Tolerance to sclerotinose between B. napus varieties (lines) had significant difference. It was obvious that the tolerance of hybrids,which were the offspring of high. tolerant parents and the first and second generations, of back-cross, were affected by the parents; and the high tolerance was partial dominant. There were tolerance difference between B. napusgentotypes, which had high heritability. Using high tolerant parents to make cross and back-cross, strengthening separation, identifying and selecting in early generations, we could breed singe-, double-low varieties with high tolerance. Up to now,wv have already obtained a number of single- and double-low B. napus varieties and lines with high tolerance, and d also provided good identifying and selecting methods for high yield, good quality and high resistant rapeseed breeding.