辐照对不同虫态柑橘全爪螨杀灭效果的研究

【目的】研究辐照对不同虫态柑橘全爪螨(Panonychus citri Mcgregor)的杀灭效果，确定有效的辐照剂量，以达到检验检疫目的。【方法】用不同剂量Co⁶⁰-γ射线辐照处理卵、幼螨、前若螨（0，100，200，300，400 Gy）和成螨（0，200，400，600，800 Gy）， 研究辐照强度对不同虫态柑橘全爪螨卵孵化率和成螨死亡率的影响。【结果】柑橘全爪螨24 h卵经200 Gy的γ射线辐照处理后均不能正常孵化，故200 Gy的γ射线对柑橘全爪螨的24 h卵具有明显致死效果；幼螨期柑橘全爪螨经400 Gy剂量处理后，死亡率达到96%，300～400 Gy的γ射线可以使幼螨期的柑橘全爪螨不育；400 Gy的γ射线可致前若螨期的柑橘全爪螨不育；柑橘全爪螨成螨在高于400 Gy的辐照剂量下，产卵较少且所产的卵均不孵化，在400～600 Gy 下15 d后死亡率为100%, 800 Gy处理 13 d后死亡率为100%，故400～800 Gy的辐照剂量均可使成螨不育或致死。【结论】400 Gy的γ射线可以使不同虫态柑橘全爪螨死亡或不育，故经400 Gy辐照处理的柑橘类水果能够达到检疫要求。

Study on elimination effect of irradiation against different stages of citrus red mites (Panonychus citri Mcgregor)

【Objective】 The experiment was to study elimination effects of irradiation against different stages citrus red mite(Panonychus citri Mcgregor) and to conform the effective dosage in order to achieve inspection and quarantine.【Method】 The eggs,larvae,protonymphs of citrus red mite were selected and irradiated by gamma irradiation(0,100,200,300,400 Gy),while adults were at the dosage of 0,200,400,600 and 800 Gy).The effect of irradiation against hatching rates and mortality of different stages of citrus red mites was studied.【Result】 It was found that after being irradiated at the dosage of 200 Gy,the 24 h-old eggs of citrus red mites were not hatched,so the gamma irradiation at the dosage of 200 Gy obviously had lethal effect on the eggs.After irradiated at the dosage of 400 Gy,the mortality of the larvae was as high as 96%.Gamma irradiation among the 300-400 Gy made the larvae sterile and the dosage of 400 Gy was sterile dosage to the protonymphs of citrus red mite.The adults laid less eggs which did not hatch at more than dosage of 400 Gy.After 15 days,the mortality of adult mites irradiated at the dosage of 400-600 Gy was 100%;while irradiated at the dosage of 800 Gy,the mortality was 100% after 13 days.So the irradiation among the 400-800 Gy made the adults sterile or lethal.【Conclusion】 The gamma irradiation at the dosage 400 Gy made citrus red mite at different stages lethal or sterile.So the citrus fruits irradiated at 400 Gy could achieve quarantine treatment requirement.