猕猴桃果实发育期不同组织区光合色素和叶绿体的分布

研究了猕猴桃果实发育期外果肉、内果肉和中轴胎座3个组织区的光合色素与叶绿体分布特征。结果表明，‘秦美’猕猴桃果实各组织区光合色素的组成成分随着果实的发育处于动态变化之中；在不同发育期叶绿素（Chl.）和（或）脱植基叶绿素（Chlide）的存在使果实始终呈现绿色；同一组织区Chl. a、Chl. b和Chl. (a+b)含量随着果实的发育逐渐减少，Chl. a/b随果实的发育而上升；在同一发育期，各组织区Chl. a、Chl. b和Chl. (a+b)含量高低为：外果肉＞内果肉＞中轴胎座。‘美味84’和‘中华36’猕猴桃除了粘液细胞和心皮维管束周围的少数细胞外，几乎所有的果肉细胞内均有叶绿体分布，‘中华36’外果肉短石细胞也具有叶绿体。叶绿体在各组织区细胞的分布具有一定的相似性。

Distribution of Photosynthetic Pigments and Chloroplasts in Different Tissue Zone of Kiwifruit During the Fruit Development Period

The distribution characteristics of photosynthetic pigments and chloroplasts were investigated in outer pericarp, inner pericarp and axile placenta of kiwifruit during the fruit development period, aiming at providing scientific basis for studies on its photosynthetic mechanism and other physiological and biochemical properties. Temporal differences of the derivative absorption spectra of photosynthetic pigments and contents of chlorophylls (Chl.) were analyzed among three tissue zones of Actinididia deliciosa 'Qinmei' fruit by derivative spectrophotometry, and the distribution features of chloroplast in various pulp cells were observed in the different tissue zones of A.deliciosa 'Meiwei 84' and A. chinensis Planch 'Zhonghua 36' fruits by microscopy. The results showed that the composition of photosynthetic pigments in each tissue zone changed with kiwifruit development; The presence of Chl. and (or) chlide made the pulp green within our experimental periods; with the fruit development, Chl. a, Chl. b and Chl.(a+b) contents decreased gradually and Chl. a/b increased in the same tissue zone of 'Qinmei' kiwifruit; at the same development stage, the orders of content of Chl. a, Chl. b and Chl. (a+b) of each tissue zone of 'Qinmei' fruit were OP＞IP＞AP. Almost all the pulp cells contained chloroplasts except for mucous cells and some cells around carpellary bundle of 'Meiwei 84' and 'Zhonghua 36' fruits, and the brachysclereids of OP in 'Zhonghua 36' fruit had chloroplasts as well. The results indicate that there were significant differences in the photosynthetic pigment composition, Chl. content and Chl. a/b ratio of different tissue zones among the fruit development stages, and chloroplast distribution were similar in the pulp cells at the different tissue zones between 'Zhonghua 36' and 'Meiwei 84' fruits.