山西省文冠果种子形态特征及地理种源差异性研究

通过对山西省文冠果种子形态特征以及地理变异规律的研究,揭示其变异程度和生态环境间的关系,以便充分利用不同种源文冠果居群地理变异。本研究以山西省文冠果18个野生种源的成年植株为研究对象,采用方差分析、偏相关分析、聚类分析等多种分析方法,对山西省不同种源文冠果的8个种实性状进行差异分析和比较研究。研究结果表明:不同种源文冠果的种长、种宽、种厚、种形指数和千粒重均存在极显著差异;千粒重、种长、种宽、种厚与种源产地的年均温呈正相关;种形指数表现出明显的地理变异规律,随经度增加,种形指数逐渐减小;种子出仁率没有表现出明显的地理和气温变异规律,种仁出油率、种子出油率和种壳出油率与海拔呈负相关,随海拔升高而减少;种子出油率还受到年降水量的影响,随降水量增加种子出油率增加。根据种子形态和出油率等9项指标,采用UPGMA法将山西省文冠果划分为4种类型。

Research on Geographic Provenance Variation and Morphological Characteristics Differences of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Seeds in Shanxi Province

Based on the research on the law of morphological characteristics variation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds from different geographic provenances in Shanxi Province, this paper revealed the relationship between geographic variation and environmental factors, in order to utilize the geographic variation of population from different provenances. This paper compared the seeds traits variations of the wild adult trees from 18 geographic provenances in Shanxi Province with variance analysis, partial correlation and cluster analysis. The differences of length, width, thickness, morphological indices and 1000-grain weight of seeds from 18 geographic provenances were significant. The morphological indices above were positively correlated with annual average temperature of geographic habitat. There was an obvious law of geographic variation in morphological indices of seeds, the morphological indices decreased gradually with the increase of longitude. There was no obvious geographic and air temperature variation law of oil yielding rate. The oil yielding rate of kernel, seed and seed shell were negatively related with elevation. The oil yielding rate of seed was also affected by the annual precipitation, and it increased gradually with the increase of annual precipitation. The Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds of 18 geographic provenances could be classified into 4 types according to the morphological characteristics and oil yielding rate using UPGMA method.