甘肃省农村户用沼气池的价值量化分析——以甘肃省西阳乡为例

为了探讨农村户用沼气池的经济、社会和生态效益及其计算方法。通过对甘肃省平凉市崆峒区西阳乡农村沼气池建设及使用状况进行调查,采用影子价格法、替代成本法、机会成本法对沼气池的经济、社会、生态环境价值进行计量。结果表明:沼气可产生733.62元/(户·年)的经济价值,同时沼气的使用降低了妇女使用传统生物质能的时间机会成本,为农户创造了273.20元/(户·年)的社会效益;此外,有沼气的农户人均能源消费量低于无沼气农户,沼气替代秸秆、薪柴的直接燃烧,产生130.20元/(户·年)的生态环境效益。研究结论表明,农户对沼气的利用较为单一,基本限于做饭和烧水。沼气后期推广应采用沼气综合利用模式,将沼气、沼液、沼渣有效结合,以最大限度发挥沼气的综合效益。

A Quantitative Research of Values on Rural Household Biogas Digesters in Gansu Province——A Case Study of Xiyang Township

In order to clarify ecological benefits, economic benefits and social biogas digesters and the calculation methods, the authors analyzed the economic, benefits of rural household social and ecological values of rural household biogas digesters in Xiyang township, Kongtong district, Pingliang city by using shadow price methods, cost analysis, and opportunity cost based On field survey data and information. The results showed that a biogas digester could not only generate annual economic value, social benefit and ecological benefit RMB 733.62, RMB 273.2 and RMB 130.20 per household per year, respectively; but also significantly reduced women＇ s opportunity cost of collecting traditional biomass energy. It was concluded that majority of farm households only used the biogas for cooking and heating water, not for multiple purposes. Therefore, it was recommended that the biogas should be used not only for cooking, but also for integrated purposes, such as use of slurry and dregs so as to make full use of biogas and its byproducts.