十溴联苯醚对两种土壤酶活性的影响

以十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)作为外加污染源,测定不同浓度的污染物(1、10、50、200、500 mg/kg)在1~115天处理期对水稻土和菜田土脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明,不同浓度BDE-209处理对水稻土和菜田土中3种土壤酶活性的影响不同:在水稻土中,第1天时BDE-209处理即对土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶活性产生了较为显著的促进作用,对酸性磷酸酶活性产生了显著的抑制作用,而在菜田土中,这种现象的出现是在处理后的第14天;在1~50 mg/kg浓度围内,BDE-209处理对水稻土和菜田土酶活性的促进/抑制作用基本随着BDE-209浓度的增大而增强,而在200、500 mg/kg浓度处理下,作用不明显;在水稻土中各处理脲酶与酸性磷酸酶活性动态变化相关性显著,在菜田土中各处理磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性动态变化相关性显著。因此,BDE-209对不同土壤酶的作用因土壤类型不同而有所差异,应根据不同土壤选择恰当的土壤酶作为土壤BDE-209污染程度的指标。

Effects of Decabromodiphenyl Ether on Enzyme Activities of Two Type Soils

Using different concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100, 500 mg/kg) of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) as the extra pollution source, the activity of hydrolase (urease, sucrase, phosphatase) of paddy soil and vegetable soil from 1 to 115 days was investigated. The results showed that the three soil enzyme activities were influenced differently in paddy soil and vegetable soil. The sucrase and urease activities of paddy soil were significantly enhanced at the first day, but the inhibitory effect occurred on acid phosphatase; the same phenomenon delay to 14 d for vegetable soil. Basically, in 1 to 50 mg/kg BDE-209 treatments, the promoting/inhibiting effect on enzyme activity enhanced with BDE-209 concentration increasing, but which in the 200 and 500 mg/kg BDE-209 treatments were not obvious. The dynamic change of urease activity in paddy soil had a significant correlation with the acid phosphatase activity, while the sucrase activity in vegetable soil had a significant correlation with the acid phosphatase activity. It suggested that the effect of BDE-209 on soil enzyme was related to soil media and the proper soil enzyme should be selected as pollution index of soil BDE-209 according to soil type and property.