基于经济效益最优的灌溉污水总量控制研究

通过分析农业中污水灌溉带来的经济效益、经济损失,根据最优化理论和污染物总量控制方法建立了经济效益最优化的农业污灌模型。该模型以污灌经济效益最大(经济收益与经济损失之差)为目标函数,约束条件包括土壤污染物环境容量、农产品质量标准等几个方面,模型的最优解即为污灌的污染物控制最大总量。最后,结合华北某市1999年的农业污灌进行了实例应用研究。结果表明,最优的污水灌溉总量为2.05亿m3,而该市1999年灌溉的污水总量为3.24亿m3,可见该市当年污水灌溉量已经偏高,应及时对污灌加以控制。

Research on Total Quantity Control over Wastewater Irrigation Based on Optimization of Economic Benefits

The economic benefits and losses are analyzed carefully,which are caused by the wastewater irrigation. Based on the theory of the optimization and the method of the total pollutant control,the optimized model of the economic benefits and losses is established. Taking the difference between the economic benefits and losses as the target function,and the environmental capacity of soil pollutant,the quality standard of agricultural products and so on as the restriction factors,the optimized answer to the question of the model is the greatest total quantity of pollutant control for the wastewater irrigation. Then,combining with the agricultural wastewater irrigation in a city of North China in 1999,a case was studied. The results show that the optimized total quantity of wastewater irrigation was 2.05 billion m3,but in the same year,the wastewater irrigation in this city reached 3.24 billion m3. So,it is suggested the wastewater irrigation quantity is higher than the optimized in 1999 and it should be controlled in time.