大麦小麦早熟发育生理的比较研究

采用不同类型大麦和小麦进行周年及春秋播种,以研究大麦早熟发育特点。结果表明,大麦早熟优势是最小营养生长期短、类型间差异小。二棱期至三联期是大麦对低温春化敏感期。三联期是大麦通过春化阶段和幼穗分化开始的形态指标,而小麦是二棱期。三联期至药隔期是光照反应敏感期。但大麦对日长反应比小麦弱,类型间差异较小。温度效应是左右大麦生长发育的重要因素。在满足春化、光照要求基础上,温度升高可促进穗分化和器官生长。温度对大麦生育的促进效应强,品种间差异较大。

PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DEVELOPMENT EARLY MATURITY IN BARLEY AND WHEAT

The characteristics of the development of early maturity in barley and wheat have been studied by means of annual, spring and autumn seeding. The result show that the of superiority earliness barley is that the minimal vegetative growth stage of barley is significantly shorter than wheat and the differences between different types are smaller. The stage of double ridge to tripe mound of barley is the most sensitive stage to vernalization. The period of tripe mound of barley is the morphological symbol to complete the vernalization phase and start ear initiation, but the wheat is in double ridge. The stage of tripe mound to connective of barley is the most sensitive stage to light. The differences among different types of barley are smaller than wheat. Temperature is the important determinative factor of growth and development in barley. Based on satisfying the needs of vernalization and photoperied,higher temperature is favorable to ear initiation and organogenesis. The differences of temperature effect among different types of barley are larger than wheat.