克氏原螯虾与中华绒螯蟹混养条件下的行为观察

目的]对克氏原螯虾与中华绒螯蟹混养条件下的行为进行观察和研究。方法]在相对狭小空间进行等重量级的虾蟹混养试验,观察记录两者相遇初期的格斗行为及混养后期的胜负结局;在相对宽敞空间——"Y"型迷宫内,观察记录克氏原螯虾对较高重量级中华绒螯蟹的趋避行为。结果]混养试验中虾蟹相遇初期,螯虾首次攻击及靠近的次数、累计主动靠近次数均极显著大于蟹(P<0.01),累计主动攻击次数显著多于蟹(P<0.05);混养30 d后,虾死蟹存组占30%,蟹死虾存组占10%,共存组占60%。在每只受试虾对较高重量级蟹趋避行为试验中,随着试验次数的增多,螯虾对蟹与空白的选择次数和时间由差异性不显著(P>0.05)变为显著偏向选择空白(P<0.05),即螯虾对蟹的识别能力显著提高了,同时试验螯虾的选择行为受到明显抑制。结论]可以推测,若提供适合的生境条件,虾蟹混养理论上可获得较好效益。

Observation on Behavior of Procambarus clarkii and Eriocheir sinensis in Polyculture System

Objective] This study aimed to observe and explore the behavior of P.clarkii and E.sinensis in polyculture system.Method] P.clarkii and E.sinensis with the same weight were used for the experiment in a relatively small polyculture system.The agonistic behavior of P.clarkii and E.sinensis in the first 30 min of the initial encounter and the fighting results were observed and recorded;the approach-avoidance behavior of P.clarkii to bigger E.sinensis in a relatively large space(the "Y" maze) was observed and recorded.Result] The results showed that the times of first attacks and approaches and the total times of active attacks and approaches of P.clarkii in the initial period of polyculture experiment were all significantly more than E.sinensis(P<0.05);after 30 d of polyculture,P.clarkii died in 30% of the groups while E.sinensis died in only 10% of the groups,and they coexisted in 60% of the groups.In the experiment of approach-avoidance behavior of P.clarkii to bigger E.sinensis,with the increase of experiment times,the tendency of approach and avoidance of P.clarkii to the control and E.sinensis became control-prefer(P<0.05) from insignificantly different(P>0.05),which indicated that the recognition ability of P.clarkii for E.sinensis was significantly improved,and the selection behavior of E.sinensis was obviously inhibited.Conclusion] Presumably,polyculture of crayfishes and crabs can achieve better efficiency when under appropriate habitat conditions.