生态设计的植物群落空间比例分配研究

研究合理的植物群落空间比例分配,不仅可为绿量计算提供科学合理的依据,而且还能为绿地系统规划设计提供参考.介绍植物群落生态设计中的关键性问题,包括群落生态关系设计、植物序列选择、垂直结构设计、栖息地设计与保护和生态功能设计.在此基础上,指出合适的空间比例分配主要由当地的气候条件及植物群落的功能来确定,但植物群落空间比例分配还随树种的生态习性、季相和平面结构等的变化而变化.最后,从当地的气候条件及植物群落的功能出发对相关研究成果进行综述,总结出景观群落适宜的乔木、灌木、地被(草坪)、绿地的比例应该在1:2 ～6:20 ～25:25 ～35,而功能群落可依据实际需求在此基础上调整某一层的比例.

Spatial Distribution Proportion of Plant Community in Ecological Design

The reasonable spatial distribution proportion of plant community could provide scientific basis not only for green mass calculation,but also for the design of green space system.The key problems in designing the plant community were introduced,including the design of community relations,the selection of plant sequence,the design of vertical structure,the design of habitat and the design of protective and ecological functions.On this basis,it was pointed out that the reasonable spatial distribution proportion was determined by local climatic conditions and plat community function,but the spatial proportion of plant community also varied with the different ecological habits,seasonal aspect and planar structure of tree species.Finally,the research achievements on local climatic conditions and plant community functions were reviewed,it was summarized that the proportion of arbor,shrub,ground vegetation(lawn) and green space was 1∶2-6∶20-25∶25-35,while the proportion of each layer could be adjusted according to practical requirements.