播期对饲用玉米生长发育和产量的影响

[目的]研究播期对饲用玉米生长发育和产量的影响,并探索饲用玉米的适宜播期。[方法]以青贮50为试材,对不同播期下饲用玉米的生长发育状况以及乳熟末期和成熟期饲草的产量进行研究。[结果]随着播期的推迟,到达各物候期的日期延后,不同处理相同生育阶段的天数减少,最晚播种的玉米花粒期天数增多。全生育期和抽雄至乳熟末期的天数随播期的推迟而减少,至6月15日播种的玉米天数最少,6月30日播种的玉米天数增多。五叶期玉米的株高随播期的推迟而增高。拔节期以6月15日播种的玉米株高最高,之后至开花吐丝期以5月30日播种的玉米株高最高。抽雄期玉米的单株绿叶数随播期的推迟而减少,灌浆后期至成熟期晚播玉米的单株绿叶数较多。随着播期的推迟,玉米鲜物质积累量、饲草产量和籽粒产量均减少。[结论]在饲用玉米的适宜播期内,播种时间越早越好。

Effects of Planting Date on Development and Field of Forage Maize

[Objective] To investigate the effects of planting date on development and field of forage maize and to determine the appropriate planting date for forage maize.[Method] Using forage maize 50 as experimental material,the development of forage maize was observed,and the yield of forage in the late stage and mature stage was measured,after the maize were planted at different dates.[Result] With the delaying planting date,phenophase was delayed,and the duration of the same growing stage was shortened among different treatments.The shortest duration days of anthesis maturity period appeared in the treatment of planting in June 15,and the duration days of anthesis maturity period was increased in the treatment of planting in June 30.With the delaying planting date,the height of maize plant in the five leaf stage was increased.The highest plant in the jointing stage appeared in the treatment of planting in June 15.However,the highest plant appeared in the treatment of planting in May 30 after the jointing stage.The number of green leaves per plant was reduced with the delaying planting date in the tasseling stage,and it increased with the delaying planting date from later seed filling period to mature stage.With the delaying planting date,the fresh matter yield,forage yield and grain yield were reduced.[Conclusion] The forage maize should be planted as early as possible in the suitable sowing date.