黑小麦新品种新春36号的选育·特征特性·栽培技术

目的]针对新疆黑小麦(Triticom aestivom L.)选育、推广的空白,介绍黑小麦新品种新春36号的选育过程及特征特性,并提出期高产栽培技术,以增加粮食作物的经济效益,调整种植结构。方法]通过分析新春36号的植物学特性、产量表现、抗逆性和品质,探讨其生产潜力和推广价值。结果]新疆生产建设兵团农十三师农业科学研究所2000年以普通春小麦21-6为母本,外引黑小麦为父本进行杂交,通过多代单株定向选择,2006年选育出小麦新品系1-14-4-9,2007～2008年参加品系鉴定试验,2009～2010年参加新疆自治区春小麦区域试验和生产示范,2011年8月通过新疆自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定,命名为新春36号。该品种富含多种矿质元素、维生素、氨基酸等,产量与对照新春6号接近,产值比普通春小麦高,适合在东疆、北疆春麦区种植。结论]新春36号综合性状表现优良,推广应用前景广阔。

Breeding, Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of Xinchun No.36, A New Variety of Triticale( Triticom aestivom L.)

Objective] According to the blank of breeding and popularization of wheat in Xinjiang,Xinchun No.36’s breeding process and characteristics were introduced and its high yield cultivation techniques were put forward,to increase economic benefits of food crops and adjust their planting structure.Method] Through analyzing the botany properties,yield performance,resistance and quality of Xinchun No.36,its production potential and popularization value were discussed.Result] Xinchun No.36 crossed by common spring wheat 21-6 as female parent and exotic triticale as male parent cultivated by Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps 13th Agricultural Division.In 2006 a new strain 1-14-4-9 was bred through many generations of directional selection since 2000.In 2007-2008 it was participated in the experiment of strain’s identification and in 2009-2010 participated in the spring wheat’s regional test and production demonstration in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region.It was authorized by the Xinjiang Autonomous Region’s crop variety certification committee in August,2011.This variety was rich in several mineral elements,vitamines and amino acids,its yield was close to control Xinchun No.6,and its output value was higher than normal spring wheat,so it was suitable for planting in spring wheat region in east and north of Xinjiang.Conclusion] Xinchun No.36’s synthetical properties performs excellent,has vast popularization and application prospect.