野生木薯生物性状观察及嫁接生产技术研究

目的]了解野生木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)生物学性状并对其嫁接生产技术进行探索。方法]大田抽样对野生木薯进行生物性状观测;选用不同品种嫁接野生木薯接穗,测定产量、淀粉含量及淀粉产量。结果]野生木薯的叶面积、叶厚度、株高、冠幅、茎粗分别是对照(SC205)的308%、137%、186%、177%、165%,具有较强生长势。野生木薯嫁接后不同品种的鲜薯产量比对照(SC205)增加14.9%～109.3%,与对照的差异达极显著水平;淀粉产量增加-5.0%～45.1%,但与对照差异不显著;嫁接处理后淀粉含量均出现不同程度降低;嫁接同不嫁接(同一品种)比较,鲜薯产量增加10.3%～102.2%,淀粉产量增加-9.2%～48.5%,而淀粉含量明显降低,降低率为-9.8%～26.5%。GR891、GR5为较佳嫁接组合,产量、淀粉产量、淀粉含量均高于对照。结论]用野生木薯接穗嫁接栽培种木薯,增产效果明显,具有较大推广价值。

Observation on Wild Cassava Biological Characteristics and Grafting Technology

Objective] The aim was to study biological characteristics of wild cassava and explore grafting technology.Method] Field sampling was carried out for observation;different varieties were selected for grafting,the yield,starch content and yield were determined.Result] The leaf area,leaf thickness,plant height,crown diameter,stem diameter of wild cassava were 308%,137%,186%,177%,165% higher than CK(SC205),which has a stronger growth potential.After grafting,the fresh cassava yield of different varieties were increased 14.9%-109.3% than CK,the difference was up to extremely significant level.The starch yield increased-5.0%-45.1%,the difference was not significant.Grafting or not(the same varietis),the fresh cassava yield increased 10.3%-102.2%,starch yield increased-9.2%-48.5%,while stach content obviously decrease,the decrease rate was-9.8%-26.5%.GR891 and GR5 are optimal grafting combination,yield,starch yield,starch content all were higher than CK.Conclusion] By grafting on wild cassava,the cassava yield increasing obviously,which has great promotion value.