拉萨市蔡公堂乡大棚果蔬酵母菌的分离与鉴定

蔡公堂乡为拉萨市主要果蔬生产基地,开展该地区大棚果蔬酵母菌多样性的研究,能够为青藏高原酵母菌资源的开发与利用提供理论依据。采用研磨和稀释相结合的方法,从蔡公堂大棚果蔬中分离到140株酵母菌,结合经典分类法及26S rDNA D1/D2区域序列分析,对获得的酵母菌菌株进行分类。结果显示:供试酵母菌最终被归为13个属27个种,其中,Ustilentyloma graminis、Rhodotorula babjevae以及Rhodotorula diobovata这3个种是拉萨市蔡公堂乡大棚果蔬酵母菌优势种;2个属(3个种)的酵母菌为子囊菌纲,相对丰度为2.14%,11个属(24个种)的酵母菌为担子菌纲酵母菌,相对丰度高达97.86%,供试果蔬分离的酵母菌菌株绝大多数为担子菌纲酵母菌;酵母菌种数和属数最多的为红椒,青椒中分离到的酵母菌种类则最少;酵母菌总丰度数据显示,圣女果中酵母菌数量最多;多样性指数表明,玉米、苦瓜、红椒和草莓酵母菌较为丰富和多样。总体而言,拉萨市大棚果蔬酵母菌资源较为丰富,另外不同品种果蔬间酵母菌种群分布差异较大。

Isolation and Identification of Yeasts from Fruits and Vegetables in Greenhouses of Caigongtang, Lhasa

Caigongtang is the main vegetable production base in Lhasa. Study on the yeast diversity of fruits and vegetables planted in greenhouses of Caigongtang could provide the theoretical basis for the development and utilization of yeast resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A total of 140 strains of yeast were isolated from Caigongtang greenhouses by means of grinding and dilution method and classified by classical methods and 26S rDNA D1/D2 region sequence analysis. The results showed that, the tested yeasts were classified into 13 genera and 27 species, among them, Ustilentyloma graminis, Rhodotorula babjevae and Rhodotorula diobovata were the dominant species. Two genera(3 species) of the yeasts were Ascomycetes with relative abundance of 2.14%, and 11 genera (24 species) were Basidiomycetes with relative abundance of 97.86%. The majority of the isolated yeasts were Basidiomycetes. The most species and genera of yeasts isolated from red pepper, and the least from green pepper. The relative abun