瓯江彩鲤胚胎发育研究

经人工催产、人工授精获得受精卵,对瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.color)的胚胎发育过程和各发育时期外部形态特征进行系统观察,并研究了不同温度条件下其胚胎发育的特点。结果表明,瓯江彩鲤受精卵圆球形、淡黄色、沉性卵、强黏性;卵径为1.72 mm,吸水后卵径达2.67 mm;受精后开始形成卵间隙,且植物极的大于动物极的;卵间隙形成的过程中出现卵黄的收缩,略变小。瓯江彩鲤胚胎发育过程可分为8个大的时期,水温18℃时需98 h48 min出膜,水温23℃和26℃时分别需要62 h20 min、48 h45 min出膜。不同温度条件下,瓯江彩鲤胚胎发育早期(胚盘-原肠胚)在18℃恒定水温条件下存活率最高,发育后期阶段(神经胚-出膜)在23℃恒定水温条件下存活率最高。

Observation on the Embryonic Development of Cyprinus carpio vat.color

The fertilized eggs were obtained by injecting exterior hormone into the parent fish and using artificial propagating technology,as well as the embryonic development and its morphological character under different temperatures were systematically observed in the present work.The results indicated that mature fertilized eggs were yellowish,elliptical,and strong viscosity as a kind of deep egg.The egg had an initial average size of 1.72 mm,and bulged to 2.67 mm in diameter after absorbing water.Immediately after fertilization,the perivitelline space started to develop,but the vegetal pole was larger than that at the animal pole.During the perivitelline space formation,the egg yolk of Cyprinus carpio var.color slightly shrank in size.The process of embryonic development could be divided into eight principle stages.The embryonic period from fertilization to hatching,lasted 98h 48 min at 18℃,62h 20 min at 23℃ and 48h 45 min at 26℃.The highest survivorship of the eggs to early stages（blastoderm-gashula） occurred at 18℃,but to the later stages（neurula-hatching） the highest survivorship occurred at 23℃.