疑似鸭新型病毒性传染病在山东的流行情况初步调查及病理学观察

自2010年8月份以来,一种疑似鸭新型病毒病在山东迅速流行,给山东养鸭业造成了巨大损失。为了解本病在山东的流行状况,对临床典型病例临诊症状及剖检病变进行了详细研究,并对其组织器官进行病理组织学观察。结果表明:山东商品蛋鸭、肉种鸭和商品肉鸭均有发病,许多区域的鸭群发病率达100%;流行广、传播快、发病急、发病率高、药物治疗无效、病程长(2～3周)及死淘率(6%～10%)不是很高是该病流行病学的基本特征;临诊主要表现发热、拉稀、采食迅速减少、产蛋严重下降及神经症状;回肠中部黏膜卵圆形肿胀、脾脏灶状坏死、卵泡及输卵管萎缩、肝变性肿胀或出血及心内外膜出血为其主要剖检病变;病理组织学变化主要表现消化道急性卡他性炎症及局部淋巴组织显著增生,心、肝、肾、胰腺变性坏死或出血,脾脏、法氏囊淋巴组织坏死,以及轻度病毒性脑炎。

PRELIMINARY EPIDEMIOLOGIC INVESTIGATION AND PATHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF A SUSPECTED DUCK VIRAL DISEASE IN SHANDONG PROVICE

Since August 2010,a suspected duck new virus disease has been quickly epidemic in Shandong province,causing enormous losses in duck industry.In order to understand the prevalence of the disease in Shandong,the clinical diagnosis symptom of typical cases and necropsy lesions were studied in detail.In addition,the histopathology of sick duck’s tissues and organs were observed.The results showed that the disease all occurred in commercial irou,meat breeders and commercial ducks with 100% incidence rate in some areas.The disease was characterized by wide popularity,fast spreading,acute onset,ineffective medical therapy,longer duration up to 2-3 weeks,and lower mortality with 6%-10%;The clinical lesions were manifested by fever,diarrhea,rapid decline in feed intake,egg production seriously decreasing and neurological symptoms;The main necropsy lesions were characterized by oval swelling in the center of ileal mucosa,focal necrosis in spleen,atrophy in ovarian follicle and oviduct,denaturalization and swelling or bleeding in liver and bleeding on the endocardium and epicardium of the heart;histopathological changes mainly showed acute catarrhal inflammation in digestive tract,significant hyperplasia in local lymphatic tissue,denaturalization necrosis or hemorrhage in heart,liver,kidney and pancreas,necrosis in lymphoid tissue of spleen,infectious bursa and mild viral encephalitis.