盐碱地应用根际促生菌对土壤改良、作物产量与品质的影响——基于Meta分析

本研究搜集了1990-2021年间国内外已发表关于盐碱地根际促生菌（PGPR）应用效果的文献，利用Meta分析方法从土壤盐碱程度、PGPR的接种方式和施用菌种三个方面分析了盐碱地施用PGPR对土壤盐碱化程度、理化指标、作物产量和品质的影响。结果表明，盐碱地应用PGPR降低了土壤pH和EC，显著提高了土壤肥力（速效磷、速效钾、速效氮、全氮、有机质）、作物生理指标（叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性）以及作物的产量和品质。与中度和轻度盐碱条件相比，重度盐碱条件下接种PGPR对作物的增产提质效果更加明显，作物产量、类胡萝卜素、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量分别增加了36.3%-57.4%、31.0%-62.5%、37.8%-60.9%和37.9%-68.6%，并且土壤接种方式比种子接种在提升作物产量方面更有优势；接种假单胞菌属PGPR对降低土壤盐碱化程度更显著，土壤pH和EC分别降低了5.2%-9.5%和7.3%-23.0%；接种芽孢杆菌属PGPR对促进作物的产量与品质效果更加明显，作物产量增加了36.5%-54.0%，类胡萝卜素、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量等品质指标提高了30.0%-49.5%、26.0%-64.5%、23.0%-37.7%。通过结构方程模型发现，接种PGPR通过降低土壤盐碱程度，提高土壤肥力与作物生理指标，从而实现了增产提质效果。本研究可为改良盐碱土壤与盐碱地作物高效生产提供理论支撑。

Effects of rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria on soil improvement, crop yield and quality in saline-alkali land - A Meta-analysis

In this study the domestic and foreign literatures were collected on the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) application in saline-alkali land from 1990 to 2021. The impacts of PGPR application on soil salinization, physical and chemical indexes, crop yield and quality were assessed by Meta analysis method from the aspects of soil salinization degree, PGPR inoculation method and PGPR strains. The results show that PGPR reduces soil pH and EC, and significantly increases soil fertility (available P, available K, available N, total N, organic matter), chlorophyll content, plant antioxidant enzyme activity, yield and quality. Compared with moderate and mild saline-alkali conditions, PGPR inoculation under severe saline-alkali conditions has more significant effects on plant yield and quality improvement, in which crop yield, carotenoid, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents are increased by 36.3%-57.4%, 31.0%-62.5%, 37.8%-60.9% and 37.9%-68.6%, respectively. Besides, soil inoculation is more advantageous than seed inoculation in increasing yield. Compared with other PGPR, Pseudomonas have better effect on reducing soil salinization, and soil pH and EC are decreased by 5.2%-9.5% and 7.3%-23.0%, respectively. Inoculated with Bacillus increases the yield, carotenoid, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents by 36.5%-54.0%, 30.0%-49.5%, 26.0%-64.5% and 23.0%-37.7%, respectively. The results of structural equation model indicate that PGPR inoculation reduce soil salinity and improve soil fertility and crop physiological indexes, resulting in increases of crop yield and quality.