Influx and concentration of triazine pesticides in the Amaterska cave system,Moravian Karst,Czech Republic |
| |
Authors: | Modrá Helena Gruberová Eva Konečný Ondřej Ulmann Vít Kaucká Petra Vlková Markéta Tůma Antonín Halešová Taťana Kudělka Jan Geršl Milan Pavlík Ivo |
| |
Affiliation: | 1.Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic ;2.Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Svitavská 29, 678 01, Blansko, Czech Republic ;3.Public Health Institute Ostrava, Partyzánské nám. 7, 702 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic ;4.Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic ;5.Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlá?ská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic ;6.ALS Czech Republic Ltd, Na Harfě 336/9, 190 00, Praha, Czech Republic ;7.Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic ; |
| |
Abstract: | Purpose The aim of this study was to detect three triazine pesticides and their metabolites in the drip water and the sediment of the Amaterska cave system. Diversity of the bacterial community in the sediment was also assessed, and the potential role of bacteria in degradation of these pesticides was evaluated. Materials and methodsTriazines and their metabolites were analyzed in the soil, drip water, and sediment of the Amaterska cave system area in seven sampling sites (S1–S7) based on the above ground cover that included forest, permanent grassland, and agriculture cropland. The bacterial community in the cave sediments (S1–S6) was also analyzed using the Illumina sequencing of the V3 and V4 regions of 16S rDNA. Results and discussionTriazines were present in the soil and drip water in all sites below grassland and agricultural land but not under the forest area. Only atrazine metabolites were detected in the surface soil. In contrast, atrazine was detected in all cave sediments regardless of above ground cover, and this is likely due to the occasional alluvial influx. The overall prevalence of bacteria potentially capable of atrazine degradation in the cave sediment ranged from 13.4 to 64.0% of the entire bacterial community. The concentrations of atrazine in the cave sediment were 16 to 70 times higher than in those in drip water. ConclusionsHigh concentrations of atrazine in the cave sediment indicate a slow degradation rate of triazines in the cave likely due to low temperatures and absence of photolysis. The main source of atrazine in the Amaterska cave system is likely not drip water but the alluvial influx. Bacteria potentially capable of triazine degradation in the cave sediment were detected; however, their role in this process remains to be investigated. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|