影响油菜根肿病发生流行的因子分析

近年来，十字花科根肿病在安徽黄山油菜种植区发生日趋严重，成为限制油菜产量和品质的重要因素。本文通过大田调查、田间试验并结合气象资料分析，表明品种抗性、土壤性质及种植方式、前茬作物和气象因子等是影响该病发生的主要因素。不同油菜品种根肿病的发病情况存在显著性差异。‘汇油50’最感病，‘浙双72’最抗病。移栽田较直播田发病轻。砂壤土油菜根肿病发生最重，黏性土发病次之，壤土发病最轻，前茬为甘薯、水稻和玉米的田块，发病轻，前茬为十字花科蔬菜的田块，油菜根肿病发生最重，前茬为大豆的田块，发病次之。9月份月均温、9月上旬降雨量和9月下旬降雨量等气象因子与根肿病发病率关系最密切。

Factor analysis of epidemic of rape clubroot disease

Recently, clubroot disease caused by?Plasmodiophora brassicae?in Huangshan of Anhui is becoming an increasingly serious disease on rapeseeds crop, and has become a major threat to canola production in the region. The epidemic factors were analyzed through field investigation and field experiment combined with meteorological data analysis. The results showed that varieties resistance, soil properties, previous crops, planting way and the meteorological factors are the main factors affecting the disease occurrence. Resistance of different rapeseed varieties differed significantly. Disease incidence in transplanting field was lower than that of direct seeding field. Disease incidence in sandy loam was the highest, that in cohesive was the next, and that in loam was the lowest. Disease incidence in the field planted vegetables in the previous season was the highest, while lowest in the field planted sweet potato, rice or maize as the previous crops. The most important climate factors affecting the disease incidence were the average temperature in September, rainfall in first ten days and last ten days of September.