基于RS与GIS的阜新地区土地荒漠化时空演变规律研究

土地荒漠化是气候、环境及人类活动多因素综合影响的结果,它的发展与逆转,不仅表现在空间结构、规模和环境上的变化。而且也直接影响社会经济的发展。本文以RS和GIS作为信息获取与分析工具,通过对1978年、1989年和1999年研究区土地荒漠化遥感影象解译分析,对阜新地区21年来土地荒漠化的时空演变规律进行了系统的研究,结果表明,荒漠化的空间演变经历了“强化－逆转－强化”的过程,风蚀荒漠化程度考察,则表现为“重度荒漠化逆转,轻度荒漠化扩展”的演变格局,不同荒漠化分布形式呈现条带状片状分布,且有向西扩展的趋势。水蚀荒漠化到1989年以来,已基本得到控制,特别是中北部地区10个乡镇逆转效果最为明显。盐渍荒漠化在1978年基础上向四周扩散,主要集中在东部和西南部,呈不连续片状分布。

A Research on the Spatial-temporal Evolution Patterns of Desertification in Fuxin District of Liaoning Province Based on RS and GIS

The desertification is caused by the influence of the climatic and environmental changes, and human activities. Its enlargement and reverse show not only in the changes of spatial structure, scope and environment, but also affecting directly the social and economic development. In this paper remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) are used for monitoring the dynamic changes and data processing in desertification research.The remote sensing image data of three different temporal phases during 21 years are used . The spatial-temporal evolution patterns of desertification are systematically analyzed. The result shows that the evolution patterns of desertification in this area have two different stages. The situation of desertification was improved during the first 11 years, but intensified during the next 10 years. Wind-erosion desertification has undergone the processes of "intension-reverse-intension" and has a tendency of enlargement westward. Water-erosion desertification has a tendency of reverse, especially in the central and northern areas. Salinization desertification has rapidly develoved, especially in the eastern and southwestern areas of Fuxin district. Viewing from the degree of desertification, there are the evolution patterns that the serious desertification is reversed but the slight desertification is enlarged.