山东烟叶感官质量与物理化学指标相关性研究

为了分析山东烟叶感官质量与物理化学指标的相关性,解析烟叶品质的化学基础和物理标识,采集典型中部和上部烟叶样品,通过感官质量评价、理化检测和数理统计分析,并对叶位、地域分布差异进行了比较。结果表明,山东上中部烟叶物理指标总体适宜,化学成分总体相对协调,感官质量总体较好,地域分布差异显著。中部叶在适宜范围内指标的比例高于上部叶。感官质量评价指标与化学成分和物理指标进行典型相关分析,分别得到3对和两对显著性典型变量,对典型变量影响较大的感官质量评价指标为杂气、余味、香气质,影响较大的化学成分指标为还原糖、总糖、两糖比、氯、总氮和烟碱,物理指标为叶宽、单叶重、叶片厚度,叶面密度和叶长。其中,杂气指标与钾氯比呈显著正相关,与氯、半纤维素呈显著负相关；余味与钙、氮碱比、钾氯比、叶宽、含梗率呈显著正相关,与淀粉、烟碱、钠、硫、氯、两糖比、叶片厚度、叶面密度呈显著负相关；香气质与钙、钾氯比、叶宽、含梗率呈显著正相关,与总氮、烟碱、钠、氯、两糖比、叶片厚度、叶面密度呈显著负相关。今后可采取相关措施进行调控,为产区烟叶质量提升提供理论参考。

Correlation between sensory quality and physicochemical indexes of tobacco leaves in Shandong Province

In order to analyze the correlation between sensory quality and physicochemical indexes of Shandong tobacco leaves, investigate the chemical basis and physical identification of tobacco leaf quality, the typical representative middle and upper tobacco leaf samples were collected, and the differences of leaf position and regional distribution were compared through sensory quality evaluation, physical and chemical detection and mathematical statistical analysis. The results showed that the physical indexes of tobacco leaves in the upper and middle parts of Shandong were generally suitable, the chemical components were relatively coordinated, the sensory quality was generally good, and the regional distribution difference was significant. The proportion of middle leaf with proper physicochemical indexes was higher than that of upper leaf. The canonical correlation analysis found that three pairs of significant typical variables between sensory quality evaluation indexes and chemical components are obtained, with two pairs of significant typical variables between sensory quality evaluation indexes and physical properties. The sensory quality evaluation indexes that have a greater impact on typical variables are offensive odor, aftertaste and aroma quality, the chemical composition indexes that have a greater impact are reducing sugar, total sugar, two sugar ratio, chlorine, total nitrogen and nicotine, and the physical indexes are leaf width, single leaf weight, leaf thickness, leaf surface density and leaf length. The index of offensive odor was positively correlated with the ratio of potassium to chlorine, and negatively correlated with chlorine and hemicellulose significantly. The aftertaste was positively correlated with calcium, nitrogen alkali ratio, potassium chloride ratio, leaf width and stem content, and negatively correlated with starch, nicotine, sodium, sulfur, chlorine, two sugar ratio, leaf thickness and leaf density. Aroma quality was positively correlated with calcium, potassium chloride ratio, leaf width and stem content, and negatively correlated with total nitrogen, nicotine, sodium, chlorine, two sugar ratio, leaf thickness and leaf density. In the future, relevant measures can be taken to regulate the chemical components and physical properties, so as to provide theoretical reference for the improvement of tobacco quality in Shandong.