影响江苏某牛场荷斯坦牛日产奶量和乳成分因素分析

目的]探究江苏某牛场荷斯坦牛日产奶量和乳成分的影响因素。方法]试验采集了该规模化牛场2018—2020年139 703条测定数据，并利用多因素方差模型对其进行系统的分析。结果]不同胎次、测定季节、产犊季节、泌乳月对荷斯坦牛日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞评分、乳尿素氮均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。产奶量与乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞评分均存在极显著负相关。结论]综上结果，在生产中，应结合胎次、季节、产犊时间、泌乳等多种因素，灵活调整牛群结构、生产规划和饲养管理，以实现提高产奶量和乳品质的目的。

Analysis of factors affecting daily milk production and milk composition of Holstein cattle in a pasture in Jiangsu

In order to explore the factors affecting the daily milk production and milk composition of Holstein caws in a pasture in Jiangsu. This experiment collected 139703 measurement data from a large-scale farm in Jiangsu from 2018 to 2020, and used a multi-factor variance model to systematically analyze it. The results showed that: different parity, measuring season, calving season and lactation month had extremely significant effects on the daily milk production, milk fat rate, milk protein rate, somatic cell score and milk urea nitrogen of Holstein caws (P<0.01). In the correlation study, there is a very significant negative correlation between milk production and milk fat rate, milk protein rate, and somatic cell score. In summary, these factors should be combined to flexibly adjust the herd structure, production planning and feeding management to improving daily milk production and milk quality.