湖州市沿圩湾村河流多环芳烃分布及生态风险评价

为研究太湖沿岸农村河道多环芳烃（PAHs）分布特征、来源及生态风险，采集湖州太湖湖滨典型农村湖州市沿圩湾村10个站点的水样和沉积物样，利用高效液相色谱仪（HPLC）测定了美国环境保护署优控的16种PAHs的含量和组成。结果表明，研究区域PAHs含量与其他地区相比总体处于中等偏低水平，风险较低。对水体中PAHs污染分布特征分析表明，PAHs总质量浓度最高的3个点均为工业区与居民区混合的区域，分别为958.39、685.97、858.57 ng/L，主要以低分子量（2~3环） PAHs为主。采用比值法和主成分分析法对PAHs的来源进行解析，结果表明，该地区主要污染源为秸秆、煤炭的燃烧，伴有少量石油源。采用生物阈值和超标系数对沉积物的生态风险进行评价，结果显示该地区超过80%区域不存在生态风险，少数地区存在生态风险概率较低，未出现生态风险概率较高的地区。采用致癌等效质量浓度（TEQ）评价该地区的致癌风险，结果表明工业区和垃圾站的致癌风险较高，致癌等效质量浓度分别为2.04和1.76 ng/m³。

Distribution and ecological risk assessment of PAHs in rivers of Yanweiwan Village,Huzhou

In order to research pollution characteristics, sources and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the rural rivers around the Taihu Lake, water and sediment samples were collected from 10 stations in Yanweiwan Village, Huzhou City, a typical rural area around the Taihu Lake. The content and composition of 16 priority PAHs were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the survey area was at the medium to low PAHs pollution level and at the low risk, compared with other areas. According to the analysis of the distribution characteristics of PAHs pollution in water, the three sites with the highest mass concentration were the mixed areas of industrial and residential areas, respectively reaching 958.39 ng/L, 685.97 ng/L, 858.57 ng/L, and the PAHs were primarily composed of 2-3 rings. The results of characteristic ratio and principal component analysis indicated that PAHs mainly originated from combustion of straw and coal, and partly from oil pollution. The result of ecological risk assessment of sediments indicated that more than 80% of the area were considered risk-free,and a few areas maybe had a weak ecological risk, and serious ecological risk did not exist. The carcinogenic risk of the survey area was assessed by the carcinogenic equivalent mass concentration (TEQ). Results demonstrated that the industrial area and the garbage station had high potential carcinogenic risk, and the calculated mass concentration TEQ were 2.04 ng/m³ and 1.76 ng/m³ respectively.