小麦分子遗传图谱的加密

高密度的分子标记遗传图谱是QTL定位、图位克隆和分子标记辅助选择等研究的基础。以小麦品种“京花1号/小白冬麦”的双单倍体(DH)群体和“农大015/复壮30”的重组自交系(RIL)群体为作图群体，选用在DH群体双亲间的339个多态性标记和在RIL群体双亲间的343个多态性标记分析作图群体各个株系的基因型，对本中心近年开发的SCAR、EST-SSR标记以及他人开发的SSR、EST-SSR标记进行了染色体定位，并利用连锁分析软件Joinmap 4.0将2个作图群体的结果整合，最终构建了10个连锁群，将217个SSR、EST-SSR和SCAR位点定位在9条染色体上，进一步提高了小麦遗传图谱的密度。

Increasing Density of Wheat Genetic Linkage Map with Molecular Makers

High density genetic linkage map is the groundwork for mapping gene or quantitative trait loci, map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection. To increase the marker density on genetic linkage map of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the double haploid (DH) population derived from Jinghua 1/Xiaobai Dongmai and the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Nongda 015/Fuzhuang 30 were used in this study. A total of 339 polymorphic markers between the DH lines and 343 polymorphic markers between the RIL lines were detected. Using the DH population, 208 markers were mapped on 21 chromosomes, covering 3 493.6 cM; and using the RIL population, 299 markers were mapped on 34 linkage groups with the average distance of 15.5 cM. The two linkage maps had 56 consistent markers in the similar regions of chromosomes. Using Joinmap 4.0 software, ten linkage groups from the two linkage maps were integrated. This linkage map was composed of 217 markers and covered 956.2 cM of wheat genome with an average distance of 4.4 cM between markers. The proportion of segregation distortion loci was 3.2–55.6% on eight chroosomes. Most markers in this map had the consistent locations with those mentioned in previous report, however, five SSR markers were located on different chromosomes. The results enhance the density of wheat linkage map and provide more information for users.