森林遗传资源保存的现状和策略

综述了世界森林遗传资源保存的历史和现状,作者认为中国森林遗传资源的保存策略应为系统管理、有效保存、合理利用、丰富发展。

The Situation and Tactics of Forest Genetic Resources Conservation

The history and present situation of genetic resources conservation of world forest, as well as appropriate tactics of China is discussed.20 million ha.of natural reserves are delineated in China, which accounts for 2.08% of China's territory.The natural genes of 354 important tree species and vegetation species are under protection, and more than 30 rare and valuable tree species were put under national protection of class one to three.13 provenances and excellent provenances, such as Chinese fir (Cunninghamia R. Br.) and Masson pine (P. massoniana) were recognized and related communities were in situ or ex situ conserved.Besides, provenances or stands of 18 tree species were partially conserved, and the contracted reserve forests amount to 34 thousand ha.26000 phenotypes were selected according to phormological characters.The conserved hybrids of poplar and other broadleaves,tneir plus trees and clones genes amount to 6000, while those of introduced eucalypts, Loblolly pine (P. taeda),Slash pine (P. elliottii) are more than 400.The conservation tactics of China forest genetic resources is systematic administration, effective conservation, reasonable utilization and abundant development.