论茶籽油生产的发展前景

我国茶籽资源丰富。充分利用茶叶生产上的副产品,发展我国茶籽制油工业,具有明显的经济效益和社会效益。本文通过对茶籽油的特性、脂肪酸组成、制油工艺、油脂精炼以及油脂稳定性等方面研究,证明茶籽油是一种富有营养的优质食用油。其油和饼粕的化学组成,具有广泛的工业用途和利用价值。同时,还论述了我国茶籽油生产的现状和影响出油率的几个关键性技术问题以及茶籽资源的利用潜力。为发展我国的茶籽制油工业提供理论和实践依据。

Qutlook of Tea Seed Edible Oil Production

Tea plants produce oleaginous seeds.The kernels,which make up about 70% ofweight of tea seeds,are rich in oil content(25—30%).Chemical properties of tea seedoil were determined by standared AoAc procedures.The results showed that tea seed oilhad following characteristics:I.V.85—91,T.V.72—74,Sapon.V.188—195,n_D~(20)1.4700—1.4710.The charateristics of tea seed oil were distinctly similal to thatof camallia oleifera Abel oil and olive oil.The iodine number and the thiocyanogenvalue indicated that the unsaturation-degree of tea seed oil was high,Fatty acidcomposition of tea seed oil was determined by gas chromatographic and weight method.The oil is composed about 14—18% palmitic,2—4% stearic,55—60%oleic and 20—27% linoleic.The fatty acid composition of the oil is very important from both nutri-tional and medical viewpoint.The linoleic acid is an essential component of the diet.It contains more linoleic acid in tea seed oil compared with the olive oil and Camelliaoleifera Abel oil.Thus,tea seed oil is more desirable for edible.Industrial scale trialsby combining hot-pressing with solvent-extraction technique has already beed succeeded.The seed oil has been produced on a commercial scale in Zhejiang,producing about2250T tea seed oil annually.It is estimated that we produce about 125000T of tea seedand then can produce about 18750T of the oil as a by-product of tea industry in chinaannually.