对《奶牛饲养标准》泌乳母牛标准的验证

在4个奶牛场,用20个小组200头产奶母牛进行了24～30天的《奶牛饲养标准》验证试验。证实中国奶牛协会于1983年公布的该标准第二次修改稿(1986年公布为中华人民共和国专业标准)对兰州地区泌乳中期母牛是适用的。试验组和对照组间的日产标准奶量和日体重变化的差异均极显著。主要营养物质符合标准时,除维持生命和正常产奶之外,体重还有所增加。干物质和产奶净能符合标准。粗蛋白质略高(4—6％)或略低(24％)于标准时,体重也有所增加,高于标准过多时体重反而下降。各场习惯日粮中存在干物质食入量偏高,能量偏离,蛋白质不均衡,钙偏高,磷偏低,粗纤维过高等问题。

Verification Test on the Nutrient Requirements of Lactating Cows of Feeding Standard for Dairy Cattle

A 30-day verification test has been conducted in 4 dairy cattle farms with a total of 200 lactating cows using alternative method. The results showed that the Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle published by Chinese Dairy Cattle Association in 1983, which was approved as a special field standard of the People's Republic of China in 1986, was suitable to the cows in the middle of lactation in Lanzhou region, and that the daily average standardized milk production of test groups was higher than that of control groups significantly. When main nutrients in diet accorded with the standard, the test cows lactated normally and the body weights increased a litlle; when DM and NE_L accorded with the standard, whether the CP was gently higher (4--6%)or lower (24%), the body weights of the cows increased a litlle; the same result also was obtained when both NE_L and CP were gently higher than those in standard. However if NE_L and CP were far higher than those in the standard, the body weights of the cows decrcased. It was also found that in the traditional diet of each dairy catlle farm, compared with the standard, the amounts fo the DM, the energy, the crude fiber, and the calcium were on high side, the protein was unbalanced, the amount of the phosphorus was on low side.