引发剂结合固体基质引发对三倍体西瓜种子发芽性能的影响

种子发芽出苗率低是制约三倍体无籽西瓜生产的主要原因。试验以红小玉为材料,用0.1%H2O2,0.1%CuSO4+2%KNO3+KH2PO4混合液和20 m g/kg的GA3丙酮溶液作引发剂,在固体基质中吸湿32 h后回干,通过砂床发芽试验,测定种子萌发率和幼苗素质。结果表明,种子萌发率提高了44.6~62.4个百分点,并显著提高了发芽势、幼苗鲜重和根系活力。其中,GA引发处理的种子发芽率达88.23%,与破壳处理(CK 1)接近,比未处理(CK 2)提高了62.47个百分点;3种处理的苗鲜重均显著高于CK 1和CK 2,处理间差异不显著;3种处理均显著提高了幼苗根系活力,以0.1%H2O2处理效果最佳。3种引发剂结合固体基质引发处理,均可有效提高三倍体西瓜种子萌发率,并为培育壮苗奠定了基础。在固体基质处理过程中,西瓜种子吸水缓慢,给细胞膜的修复提供了时间,是种子可以达到引发促萌的原因之一。

Effects of Initiator and Solid Matrix Priming on the Germination Performance of Triploid Watermelon Seeds

Low seed germination and emergence rate in field were main factors to limit production of triploid watermelon.In order to explore an effective approach to solve this problem,a triploid watermelon seeds（Hongxiaoyu） germination experiments by solid matrix priming with 3 initiators,0.1% H2O2,mixture of 0.1% CuSO4＋2%KNO3＋KH2PO4 and 20 mg/kg GA3 acetone solution,was conducted in sand bed,and the germination rate and seedling quality were investigated.The results showed that the seed germination rate was increased by 44.6~62.4 percentage point,and the germinating viability,fresh weight and root activity of seedlings were significantly improved.The germination rate in GA priming treatment reached 88.23%,which approached the level of the seed coat nicking treatment（CK1） and increased 62.47 percentage points than unprocessed（CK2）.The fresh weight of seedlings of three treatments was significantly higher than that of CK1 and CK2,but the difference among 3 treatments was not significant.The root activity of seedlings of three treatments was significantly improved,and 0.1% H2O2 treatment among them was best.The results indicated that the three kinds of initiator combined with solid matrix priming could effectively improve germination rate of triploid watermelon seeds.The investigation of priming mechanism indicated that watermelon seeds absorbed water slowly in solid matrix which provided repair time to the cell membrane,which was one of reasons that the germination of triploid watermelon seeds could be improved by priming.