猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的实验室诊断方法

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是当前严重危害我国养猪业的重要传染病。PRRS的确诊依赖于实验室方法，包括检测抗原的病毒分离、免疫组化、免疫荧光、RT—PCR等方法，检测抗体的ELISA、血清病毒中和试验、间接免疫荧光、免疫过氧化酶单层试验等血清学方法。每种方法在诊断的敏感性、特异性以及成本方面存在差异，现有的血清学方法无法区分疫苗抗体和野毒抗体。正确的诊断结果取决于样品的种类、采样时间以及采样的代表性。PRRS确诊和结果的解释必须综合抗原抗体检测结果、流行病学资料、猪群疫苗应用情况等。

Laboratory Diagnosis of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) becomes an economically significant disease for the Chinese swine industry.The definite diagnosis of PRRS depends on laboratory assay.The antigenic detection assays include virus isolation,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescent antibody,RT-PCR,and serology tests include ELISA,serum virus neutralization,indirect immunofluorescent and IMPA.These laboratory diagnostic assays differ in sensitivity,specificity and expense.No serology test can differentiate antibodies caused by field virus or vaccine.And the precise diagnosis depends on the selecting of appropriate tissue and the timing and quantities of the samples delivered to the laboratory.It should be noted that definite diagnosis can only be made by integrating laboratory result and epidemiology of the swine herd and the nature of vaccine history.