矮秆基因对小麦不同农艺性状的影响

矮秆基因不仅降低株高，而且在许多情况下也影响其它农艺性状。利用小麦品种丰抗8号，北京841和京411遗传背景的近等基因系，研究矮秆基因对农艺性状的影响，结果表明：Rht10,Rht12延迟小麦抽穗期，Rht1b在丰抗8号背景下抽穗较迟，Rht1,Rht1s,Rht2和Rht3基因对轴抽穗期无影响；矮秆基因在降低株高的同时一般也降低单株生物产量，但含有Rht1,Rht1s,Rht1b,Rht2基因的矮秆系与对应的高秆系相比单株生物产量差异不显著，单株粒重差异也不显著，单株生物量的降低主要表现为秸秆重量的减少。含有Rht3,Rht10和Rht12基因的矮秆系与高秆系相比，单株生物量，单株籽粒产量和收获指数显著降低。

The Effect of Dwarf Genes on Agronomy Characters in Wheat

Not only reduced the plant height, dwarf genes also have effects on the agronomy characters other than stature in many cases. Studies were carried out using plant height near isogenic lines with genetic backgrounds of Fengkang 8, Beijing 841, and Jing 411, respectively. It was indicated that, both Rht10 and Rht12 lines were found delaying the heading date. Gene Rht1b showed the heading delay effect under Fengkang 8 background. Other dwarf genes displayed no notable effect on heading. Dwarf genes usually decreased biomass along with reducing the plant height. However, in the lines of Rht1, Rht1s, Rht1b and Rht2 genes, biomass reduction were not significant. The difference mostly came from straw weight decrease. And the grain weight decrease was not observably. Compared with their homologous isolines, the dwarf lines which respectively carry Rht3, Rht10 and Rht12 genes showed significantly reduced the individual plant biomass, the grain weight, and the harvest index.