贵州特有种贵州红山茶扦插繁殖研究

[目的]开展贵州红山茶(Camellia kweichowensis Chang)扦插繁殖试验,为建立科学的贵州红山茶扦插繁殖技术奠定基础。[方法]分析不同基质(河沙、原土、腐殖土、蛭石)、不同月份(4、6、9月)、不同树龄枝条(1、2年生)、不同激素处理方式(1 000 mg/L ABT生根粉处理1 min、500 mg/L ABT生根粉处理30 min、1 000 mg/L萘乙酸处理1 min、500 mg/L萘乙酸处理30 min、不做任何激素处理)、不同扦插模式(棚内扦插、棚外扦插)对贵州红山茶扦插的影响。[结果]原土和蛭石扦插效果好于河沙和腐殖土;9和6月份扦插效果较好,尤其9月份最好;1年生枝条比2年生枝条扦插效果好;使用ABT生根粉和萘乙酸低浓度长时间处理比高浓度短时间处理扦插效果好;棚内扦插和棚外扦插生根率相差不大,但棚外管理简便,建议推广。[结论]在生产中,合理的贵州红山茶扦插繁殖技术建议如下:6、9月份选用1年生枝条,采用蛭石进行扦插,尤其9月份最好,期间要注意保持水分,防止因管理不当造成气温过高而烧苗;扦插前使用ABT生根粉和萘乙酸低浓度长时间处理;棚外扦插管理方便,建议推广。

Study on the Cutting Propagation Experiment on Endemic to Guizhou Camellia kweichowensis Chang

[Objective] The aim was to conduct on the cutting propagation experiment of the Camellia kweichouensis Chang,and to lay a foundation for establishing its scientific cutting propagation technology.[Method] The effects of different matrixes（river sand,original soil,humus soil,vermiculite）,different cutting months（April,June and September）,different ages of branches（one and two-year-old）,different hormone treatment modes（1 000 mg/L ABT rooting powder treating 1 min,500 mg/L ABT rooting powder treating 30 min,1 000 mg/L 1-Naphthylacetic acid treating 1 min,and 500 mg/L 1-Naphthylacetic acid treating 30 min）,different cutting patterns（cuttage inside of greenhouse,cuttage outside of greenhouse）,were analyzed.[Result] The results showed that the cutting effects of original soil and vermiculite were better than that of river sand and humus soil,the cutting effects in September and June were better than that of the other months,and especially September was the best one for cutting;annual branch was found to have the better cutting effect than that of biennial branch;Long-term treatment under low concentration of ABT rooting powder and 1-Naphthylacetic acid were more effective than that of short-term treatment under high ones;there were no differences between the survival rate of cuttage inside and outside of the greenhouse,but cuttage outside was low maintenance and should be recommended.[Conclusion] During production,it is suggested that the reasonable cutting propagation technology of Camellia kweichowensis Chang is as follows： annual branches is cut in vermiculite in June or September,especially in September is the best,during management,it is necessary to retain moisture to avoid the temperature too high then burn down because of mismanagement;low concentration ABT rooting power or 1-Naphthylacetic acid is used to treat branches for a long time;cuttage and management outside of greenhouse is convenient,so suggest to promote.