冀东盐碱地不同熟性棉花品种适应性研究

[目的]对不同地膜覆盖方式下的棉花品种的生长发育及产量进行研究,明确不同熟期棉花品种在冀东盐碱地的适应性。[方法]采用裂区设计,主处理(A)为棉花品种,设3个处理,A1为早熟品种中棉所58,A2为中早熟品种中棉所69,A3为中熟品种冀2000;副处理(B)为地膜覆盖,设3个处理,B1为露地直播,B2为4叶期揭膜,B3为现蕾期揭膜。[结果]在地膜覆盖条件下,中早熟品种中棉所69生育期和霜前花率均表现出了较好的适应性,霜前皮棉产量和皮棉总产量最高,适宜在冀东盐碱地种植;早熟品种中棉所58霜前花率最高,但霜前皮棉产量和皮棉总产量不及中棉所69,可作晚播种植选用;中熟品种冀2000在冀东棉区的生育期过长,霜前花率过低,因此认为该品种不适宜在冀东盐碱地种植。覆膜处理之间相比,4叶期揭膜霜前皮棉产量和皮棉总产量提高不明显,现蕾期揭膜提高显著,说明地膜覆盖能够促进棉花早熟,揭膜越晚棉花越早熟。[结论]在冀东盐碱地棉区适宜种植早熟品种和中早熟品种,中熟品种不宜种植。

Adaptability of Different Maturity Cotton Varieties in Eastern Hebei Province

[Objective] The aim was to study the growth and development and yield of cotton under different plastic film mulching modes,to clear the adaptability of different maturity cotton varieties in eastern Hebei Province.[Method] The split-plot design was used to conduct on the test.The main treatment was cotton variety,three treatments were early maturing variety Zhongmiansuo 58（A1）,mid-early-maturing variety Zhongmiansuo 69（A2） and middle maturing variety Ji 2000,resp.;vice-treatment was plastic film mulching,three treatments were sowing directly in field（B1）,removing plastic film at four leaves stage（B2）,removing plastic film at budding stage（B3）,resp..[Result] Under plastic film mulching,the growth period and the rate of blossom before frost of mid-early-maturing variety Zhongmiansuo 69 both showed better adaptability,and its lint yield before frost and total yield were both the highest,so it is suitable to plant in saline fields of eastern Hebei Province;the rate of blossom before frost of early maturing variety Zhongmiansuo 58 was the highest,while its lint yield before frost and total yield were inferior to those of Zhongmiansuo 69,so it can be used as the late sowing variety;the growth period of middle maturing variety Ji 2000 was too long in eastern Hebei Province,and the rate of blossom before frost was too low,so it was suggested that it was not suitable to plant in saline fields of eastern Heber Province.Comparing among three plastic film mulching treatments,the lint yield and total yield increase of the treatment of removing plastic film at four leaves stage was not obvious,while that of the treatment of removing plastic film at budding stage was significant,showing plastic film mulching promotes cotton to mature early,and later removing plastic film,earlier maturing.[Conclusion] The early maturing and mid-early-maturing rice varieties are suitable to plant in eastern Heber Province,while the middle maturing varieties are not.