秋水仙碱在小麦远缘杂种F_1幼穗脱分化培养中的双重效应

在Ｎ６ 附加秋水仙碱５０－０ 、１００－０ 、１５０－０、２００－０ 、２５０－０ 和３００－０ｍｇ／Ｌ 的培养基（ 对照为０－０ｍｇ／Ｌ） 上离体培养了Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ ｃｉｌｉａｒｉｓ ｖａｒ．ｊａｐｏｎｅｎｓｉｓ ×Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ ｃｖ．Ｊ－ １１、Ｒ．ｋａｍｏｊｉ×Ｈｏｒｄｅｕｍ ｖｕｌｇａｒｅ、Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ ｃｖ．Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ Ｓｐｒｉｎｇ ×Ｐｓａｔｈｙｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓ ｈｕａｓｈａｎｉｃａ 和（ Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ｄｕｒｕｍ ×Ｄａｓｙｐｙｒｕｍ ｖｉｌｌｏｓｕｍ） 双二倍体×Ｐ．ｈｕａｓｈａｎｉｃａ ４ 个杂交组合的小麦远缘杂种Ｆ１ 幼穗，结果发现，秋水仙碱对小麦远缘杂种Ｆ１ 幼穗脱分化具有明显的双重效应。一方面秋水仙碱具有促进小麦远缘杂种Ｆ１ 幼穗脱分化的正效应，表现为愈伤化时间明显早于对照，如杂交组合Ｒ．Ｃｉｌｉａｒｉｓｖａｒ．ｊａｐｏｎｅｎｓｉｓ×Ｔ．ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ ｃｖ．Ｊ－ １１ 和Ｔ．ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ ｃｖ．Ｃ．Ｓ×Ｐ．ｈｕａｓｈａｎｉｃａ于接种后一周内即有一半的外植体愈伤化，而对照始终没达到半愈期；同时，４ 个杂交组合的平均脱分化率显著高于对照，如秋水仙碱浓度为１?

Dual Effects of Colchicine in Immature Inflorescence Dedifferentiation of Distant Hybrids F1 from Triticeae

Immature inflorescence segments of distant hybrids F 1 from Roegneria ciliaris var.japonensis×T.aestivum cv.J-11, R.kamoji×Hordeum vulgare, T.aestivum cv. Chinese Spring×Psathyrostachys huashanica as well as between Triticum durum Dasypyrum villosum amphidiploid and Psathyrostachys huashanica, were cultured on N 6 medium supplemented with colchicine of different concentration such as 0 0, 50 0, 100 0, 150 0, 200 0, 250 0 and 300 0mg/L besides 2,4-D, IAA, KT, CH and Inositol. The dual effects of colchicine in the culture were observed. On the one hand, colchicine stimulated the callus formation. For one thing, the speeds of forming callus on all treat medium were higher than that of the control (The colchicine is 0 0mg/L). For example, the two combinations such as R.ciliaris var. japonensis×T.aestivum cv.J-11 and T.aestivum cv.C.S×P.huashanica, 50% of the immature inflorescence segments formed calli only within seven days after cultured on the media containing colchicine, but on the conchicine free medium, less than 50% of the explants produced callus after 30 days inoculated. For another, the average callusing frequencies on the media containing colchicine were significant high compared with that of the control. For instance, the mean dedifferentiation frequency on the medium supplemented with 100 0 mg/L colchicine was 66 7%, which increased 66 8% against the control (40 0%), and the result by t test showed P was 0 01. On the other hand, colchicine rendered the yang inflorescence segments browning and even died. And the analysis through t test indicated the average browning frequencies from the four combinations were outstanding higher than that of the control.