饲用甜菜染色体倍性与叶片气孔性状相关性研究

以饲用甜菜二倍体和四倍体为试验材料,研究了气孔的长、宽度及气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目与倍性的关系.结果表明:二倍体植株与四倍体植株的气孔长、宽度和保卫细胞叶绿体数之间差异显著.四倍体气孔长度约为二倍体的1.8倍,宽度约为二倍体的1.42倍;且相对于气孔宽度,气孔长度具有更好的可靠性和区分效果;二倍体植株与四倍体植株的保卫细胞叶绿体数的平均值分别为13.69和23.24,可将保卫细胞气孔长度与保卫细胞叶绿体数两个气孔性状相结合,作为饲用甜菜多倍体育种初期的筛选鉴定指标.

Study on the relationship between chromosome ploidy and leaf stomata characters of fodder beet

Taking the diploid and tetraploid cultivars of fodder beet as experimental materials,the relationship between chromosome ploidy and leaf stomatal characters was studied.The results showed as follows:the length and width of stomatal and chloroplast numbers of guard cell between diploid and tetraploid were significant different.The stomatal length and width of tetraploid were as 1.8 times and 1.42 times long as those of diploid.The average chloroplast numbers of diploid and tetraploid were 13.69 and 23.24 respectively.Therefore,the length of stomatal and the number of chloroplast in stomatal guard cell could be combined as the index to select and identify ploidy fodder beet.