太湖流域粳稻地方品种的微卫星分析

 采用45对SSR引物对224份太湖流域粳稻地方品种进行遗传多样性分析，共检测到162个等位变异，每个位点等位基因数的变幅为2～7，平均为3.6。各位点Nei基因多样性指数变异较大，为0.009（RM169）～0.663（RM444），平均为0.197。青稻、黄稻、红稻和白稻各传统生态型均具较低的遗传多样性。分子方差分析表明，SSR遗传变异绝大部分存在于传统生态型内。青稻与红稻间、青稻与白稻、红稻与白稻、红稻与黄稻间遗传分化显著。太湖流域粳稻地方品种SSR多样性较低，稀有类型等位基因较多。这对科学制定太湖粳稻地方资源的保护和利用策略具有指导意义。

SSR Analysis on japonica Rice Landraces from the Taihu Lake Region, China

Forty five SSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity in 224 japonica rice landraces from the Taihu Lake Region, China. There were 162 alleles at the 45 loci investigated. The number of alleles per locus (Na) ranged from 2 to 7, with a mean value of 3.6. The Nei′s genetic diversity index (He) varied widely from 0.009 (RM169) to 0.663 (RM444) with an average value of 0.197. The genetic diversity of all the traditional eco types (green rice, yellow rice, red rice and white rice) was low. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most of the genetic variation was from differences among traditional eco types. The pairwise comparison of F statistics(Fst) revealed a significant genetic differentiation in the four pairs (green rice vs red rice; green rice vs white rice; red rice vs white rice; red rice vs yellow rice), whereas no significant differentiation was found between other types. The results showed that more rare alleles and low genetic diversity were detected in japonica rice landraces from the Taihu Lake Region, China. This will be helpful to conserve and exploit Taihu japonica rice landraces.