Effect of dietary supplementation of palm fruit extracts on the transcriptomes of growth,antioxidant enzyme and immune‐related genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings |
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Authors: | Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar Maryam Dadar Mohsen Khalili Rebeca Cerezuela Maria Ángeles Esteban |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran;2. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran;3. Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran;4. Fish innate immune system group. Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology. Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain |
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Abstract: | This study investigates the effects of date palm extracts [DPE] (Phoenix dactylifera L. Arecaceae) on growth, immune function and antioxidant system in common carp fingerlings (Cyprinus carpio). One hundred and twenty fish (4.06 ± 0.13 g) were divided into six groups fed on control diet or diets containing 200 mL kg?1 DPE for 8 weeks. At the end of feeding trial, the expression of different genes was measured. Selected genes were grouped into three categories: growth factor genes in brain and liver [growth hormone (GH), insulin‐like growth factors I and II (IGF‐I and IGF‐II), antioxidant‐related genes in liver [glutathione S‐transferase‐alpha (GST‐α), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase genes (GPX)] and immune‐related genes in head kidney [interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) genes]. The relative expression of the growth‐related genes in fish fed DPE showed no significant increase compared to control group (P > 0.05). On the other hand, DPE altered the expression of genes encoding antioxidants enzymes in liver of fingerlings which was statistically significant with respect to the control samples in case GPX (P < 0.05). Also, DPE caused remarkable increases in the expression of the immune‐related genes (IL‐8, IL‐10 and TGF‐β) analysed on head kidney of common carp fingerlings compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, it can be suggested that administration of DPE in early stages of common carp culture can promote immune efficacy and increase the antioxidant activity. |
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Keywords: | date palm extracts (Phoenix dactylifera L. Arecaceae) common carp immune‐related gene antioxidant‐related gene growth‐related gene |
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