不同温度下不同蛋白水平对镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio L.)非特异性免疫的影响

选用德国镜鲤630尾(200±20)g,在18、22和26℃3个温度环境下用30%、33%、36%、39%、42%的五个不同的蛋白水平的饲料投喂,分别测定肝脏、脾脏中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、溶菌酶(LYZ)、血清中的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和补体C3、C4等免疫指标。结果表明,18℃环境下,42%蛋白水平组肝脏SOD活性显著高于其他组(P0.05);肝脏MDA含量随饲料蛋白水平的增加而降低;30%蛋白水平组脾脏溶菌酶的活性显著高于39%蛋白水平组(P0.05)。22℃环境下,42%蛋白水平组肝脏SOD活性显著高于其他蛋白水平组(P0.05);42%蛋白水平组肝脏MDA含量显著低于其他蛋白水平组(P0.05);42%蛋白水平组血清C3显著高于30%蛋白水平组(P0.05)。26℃环境下,肝脏SOD活性随饲料蛋白水平的增加而增加,但差异不显著(P0.05);42%蛋白水平组肝脏MDA含量显著低于其他组(P0.05)。结果显示,本试验条件下,在18、22和26℃温度下蛋白水平升高可在一定程度上提高鲤鱼的非特异性免疫,主要表现在抗氧化性方面,而对其他的非特异性免疫指标无显著的影响。

Effects of different protein levels on non-specific immunity of mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)at different temperatures

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different temperature and protein levels on non-specific immune enzyme activities of the mirror carp.At 18,22 and 26 ℃,5 groups of diets containing different protein contents,of 30%,33%,36%,39% and 42% were fed to 630 mirror carps which were weighed 200±20 g.Superoxide dismutase(SOD),malonaldehyde(MDA) and lysozyme in the liver and the spleen,as well as alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and complement C3,C4 in the serum were determinded to research the protein requirement of the mirror carp in 18,22 and 26 ℃.The results showed that at 18 ℃,the activity of SOD in the liver of 42% protein level group was significantly higher than the others(P<0.05);the content of MDA in the liver tended to reduce with the increase in dietary protein level;the activity of the lysozyme in the spleen of 30% protein level group was significantly higher than 39% protein level group(P<0.05).At 22 ℃,the activity of SOD in the liver of 42% protein level group was significantly higher than the others(P<0.05),the content of MDA in the liver of 42% protein level group was significantly lower than the other protein level groups(P<0.05);complement C3 in the serum of 42% protein level group was significantly higher than 30% protein level(P<0.05).At 26 ℃,the activity of SOD in the liver tended to ascend with the increase in dietary protein levels,but had not significantly difference(P<0.05);the content of MDA in the liver of 42% protein level group was significantly lower than the others.These results indicated that under the experimental conditions,with the protein level increased,non-specific immunity of mirror carp could be increased in a certain extent at 18,22 and 26 ℃,mainly in oxidation resistance,but had no more significantly effects with the other non-specific immunity.