国外猪瘟病毒实验室诊断、流行病学以及标记疫苗研究进展

常用于检测猪瘟病毒的实验室诊断方法是免疫组化和病毒分离培养.随着分子生物学的发展,先后建立了一系列检测病毒蛋白的ELISA方法以及病毒基因组的RT-PCR方法.标记疫苗是目前猪瘟疫苗发展的趋势.目前已经完成E2亚单位标记疫苗及重组活疫苗效率的测定,均能显著减少疫苗免疫猪群中猪瘟病毒的水平及垂直传播,同时通过血清学方法能区分疫苗免疫猪与自然感染猪.标记疫苗的使用对于猪瘟的控制和消灭具有十分重要的意义.

Advance in the research of laboratory diagnosis,epizootiology and marker vaccines of classical swine fever in abroad

The most commonly methods used to detect classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are immunohistochemical and virus culture techniques. With the development of molecular biology, new techniques have enabled the detection of viral proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and the detection of the viral (genome) by RT-PCR. The marker vaccine is the development direction of classical swine fever vaccine. Several (researches) were performed to determine the efficacy of an E2 subunit vaccine and live recombinant vaccine (candidates). The results showed that the vaccines were able to reduce horizontal and vertical transmission of CSFV among vaccinated pigs. And the vaccinated and infected pigs were able to be distinguished by ELISA. The (utilizafion) of marker vaccine must play an important role on the control and eradication of classical swine fever.