合理开发利用地下水是新疆盐渍化耕地改良的重要途径

新疆地处内陆干旱区,土壤积盐严重,根据中巴地球资源卫星2005年遥感影像解译和实际调查,新疆现有耕地面积5.05×106 hm2,其中盐渍化耕地面积1.62×106 hm2,占耕地总面积的32.07%,占新疆中低产田60%以上,土壤盐渍化是影响新疆农业发展的主要因素。盐渍化耕地大多分布在地下水较高的地区,如冲积扇扇缘地...

Rational Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization,an Important Approach of Improving Salinized Farmland in Xinjiang

Soil salinization is serious in arid regions of Xinjiang. According to the interpretation of remote sensing images of CBERS in 2005 and the data of field investigation, the area of farmland in Xinjiang was 5.05×10⁶ hm², in which the area of salinized farmland was 1.62×10⁶ hm² and occupied 32.07% of the total farmland area and 60% of the medial and low yield farmland. Soil salinization is a main factor restricting agricultural development in Xinjiang. Salinized farmland is mainly distributed in the regions with high groundwater level, such as the groundwater overflow zone in the marginal zone of alluvial fans, deltas of large rivers, upper and central parts of alluvial plains and lakeside plains of freshwater lakes, where groundwater recharge is abundant, groundwater salinity is not high, water bearing condition of aquiver is good, pressure water or artesian water is distributed in some regions, and these regions are optimal to utilize groundwater. To exploit groundwater in these areas can not only increase irrigation water volume, solve the shortage of irrigation water in spring and at the irrigation peak time, but can also bring about a drawdown of groundwater level and achieve a steady desalination of salinized farmland.