西北干旱内陆区废水利用与生态环境建设

西北干旱区内陆河流域水资源紧缺 ,而流域内空间水资源分配不均 ,加之人类生产活动所需水量在逐年增加 ,致使生态环境用水大量减少 ,造成了地下水位下降、植被退化、土地荒漠化、耕地盐渍化、沙尘暴频发等一系列的生态环境问题 ,因此如何保证生态环境用水成为目前人们普遍关心的问题。本研究从人类经济生产活动产生的废水出发 ,探讨在西北干旱区废水的产生量及其危害 ,以及如何有效地利用废水 ,并且特别探讨了废水在生态环境建设中的巨大作用。提出废水不但可以增加生态环境建设的供水量 ,同时还减轻其对城市环境、水资源环境和土壤生态环境造成的危害 ,放大水资源总量。

Eco-environment Construction and Wastewater Utilization in Arid Zone of Western China

The mainly problem of arid zone in western China is the shortage of water, but the water demand is very numerous that up to about 858.4 10 8m 3. Especially the water supply for eco-environment is more and more less because the most water was used in agriculture, industry and urban residenter's life. But on the other side, there are about 213 10 8m 3 wastewater drained from urban and irrigated farmland. So it is very significative to reuse so much wastewater to eco-environment construction. Firstly, it will improve ecosystem quality of arid zone western China, and it also will hold up the trend of land desertification, breaking of lower reaches of rivers, decrease of lakes area, lowering of underground water level, soil saltilisation and dust storm. Secondly, it may decrease wastewater's pollution for urban air, soil, rivers, groundwater and crop. Finally, the wastewater recycle means increases the total water resources in arid area.