3年生赤皮青冈家系生长和形质性状变异与选择

目的 研究3年生赤皮青冈不同家系幼林生长和形质性状遗传变异规律，初选适宜不同区域和立地条件的速生优质和遗传稳定的家系。 方法 对2019年在浙江建德、江西分宜和安远采用42个赤皮青冈优树家系营建的遗传测定林进行全林调查，采用SAS软件分析家系性状、遗传力和遗传相关差异及家系与地点的互作，利用主成分分析方法和BLUP方法开展优良家系初选。 结果 3年生赤皮青冈平均树高和地径分别为2.04 m和3.15 cm，不同家系间生长和形质性状差异均达到极显著水平，树高、地径、冠幅和最长侧枝长度等性状家系遗传力较高（0.393～0.753），单株遗传力相对较低。不同家系各性状间相关性较高，树高和地径表现优异的家系，林木较通直，分叉干少但分枝多、枝长且粗。赤皮青冈家系 × 地点互作效应明显，立地对其生长影响较大。3个试验点以建德点生长表现最好，其次为安远和分宜，以生长和形质性状进行综合排序，HNCB8和 HNHT5在3个试验点排序均靠前，整体表现较好。以树高和地径BLUP值排名前20%进行选择，3个试验点共初选出10个优良家系，HNCB8为3个试验点均入选家系。 结论 3年生赤皮青冈家系生长与形质性状遗传差异丰富，家系遗传力普遍较高，受较强遗传控制。种植生境的改变对赤皮青冈家系影响较大，以HNCB8和HNHT5在3个试验点的综合表现较好，具有推广潜力。

Variation and Selection of Growth and Form-quality Traits of 3-year-old Cyclobalanopsis gilva

Objective To reveal the genetic variation rule of the growth and form-quality traits of the 3-year-old elite families of Cyclobalanopsis gilva in different locations, and select the fast-growing and high-quality families with genetic stability for different regions and sites. Methods Based on the genetic assay forest constructed in Jiande of Zhejiang Province, Fenyi and Anyuan of Jiangxi Province with 1-year-old container seedlings of 42 elite families plantations of C. gilva in 2019, a whole forest survey was conducted and the differences of traits, heritability and genetic correlation, as well as the interactions between families and locations were analyzed using SAS software, and a batch of fast-growing and high-quality families were selected based on principal component analysis and BLUP methods. Results The average tree height and ground diameter of 3-year-old C. gilva were 2.04 m and 3.15 cm, respectively. The estimated family heritability of tree height, ground diameter, crown width and longest branch length were high (0.393-0.753). Compared with family heritability, individual heritability estimates was relatively low. The correlation between traits of different families was high, and the families with excellent tree height and ground diameter performance had straighter form, fewer branching trunks but more branches, longer and thicker branches than the families with low tree height and small ground diameter. The interaction effect of family × site was obvious, and the site had a great influence on the growth. The best growth performance was found in Jiande site, followed by Anyuan and Fen Yi. Based on the comprehensive ranking of growth and form-quality traits, HNCB8 and HNHT5 ranked first in the three test sites, showing a good overall performance. The top 20% BLUP values of tree height and ground diameter were selected, and a total of 10 excellent families were selected from the three test sites. HNCB8 was selected as a common family. Conclusion There are rich genetic differences in growth and form-quality traits among the 3-year-old C. gilva, and the family heritability is generally high, which is subject to strong genetic control. The change of planting habitat has a great influence on the family of C. gilva, and the comprehensive performance of HNCB8 and HNHT5 is better, which has the potential for promotion.