4种植物叶片浸提液成分分析及其对珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响

模拟自然环境下的化感作用，选取珊瑚樱和同一生境下生长的其他3种有毒植物叶片为材料，采用室内监测法，应用蒽酮比色法、气相色谱−质谱联用技术测定浸提液可溶性糖含量和乙酸乙酯萃取物组成成分，分析不同浓度珊瑚樱、常春藤、野蓟和飞机草叶片水浸提液对珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的4种植物浸提液处理对珊瑚樱种子萌发具抑制作用，均降低珊瑚樱种子的各项萌发指标，以0.2 g/mL常春藤水浸提液化感抑制效应最大为−20.52，综合发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数与CK差异显著；不同浓度的4种植物浸提液可溶性糖含量均随浸提液浓度的增加而升高，0.2 g/mL常春藤水浸提液可溶性糖含量最高为（1.53 ± 0.02）mg/g，随着可溶性糖含量增加，其对种子萌发抑制效果越明显。以新植二烯为主的烯烃类物质是珊瑚樱和常春藤的优势组分，分别占总量的37.94%、78.7%；以大牛儿烯D为主的烯烃类物质是野蓟的优势组分，占总量的52.94%；以5−异亚丙基−4,6−二甲基−3,6,8−壬三烯−2−醇为主的醇类物质是飞机草浸提液的优势组分，占总量的63.28%。4种有毒植物水浸提液随浓度的增加其抑制作用增强，相关性分析表明可溶性糖是浸提液中抑制珊瑚樱种子萌发的主要因素。

Composition Analysis of Leaf Extract of 4 Plants and Its Effect on Seed Germination of Solanum pseudocapsicum

The allelopathy in real habitat was simulated, and the leaves of Solanum pseudocapsicum and 3 other toxic plants growing in the same habitat were selected as materials. The content and components of soluble sugar in the extracts were determined by indoor Petri dish method, anthrone colorimetry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The effects of different concentrations of aqueous extracts of S. pseudocapsicum, Hedera nepalensis, Cirsium maackii and Eupatorium odoratum leaves on seed germination indexes of S. pseudocapsicum were studied. The results show that different concentrations of 4 plant extracts had inhibitory effects on the germination of S. pseudocapsicum seeds, and all the germination indexes of S. pseudocapsicum seeds were reduced. Extraction with 0.2 g/mL Hedera nepalensis var. si water has a maximum inhibitory effect of −20.52 on liquefaction sense, and the comprehensive germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vitality index were significantly different from those of the control group; the soluble sugar content of the four plant extracts of different concentrations increased with the increase of the extract concentration. The soluble sugar content of 0.2 g/ml Hedera nepalensis var. si aqueous extract was the highest, which was 1.53 ± 0.02 mg/g. With the increase of the soluble sugar content, the more obvious its inhibitory effect on seed germination was; the olefins dominated by neophydiene are the dominant components of S. pseudocapsicum, and H. nepalensis, and the olefins dominated by Darlene D are the dominant components of C. maackii, which accounted for 37.94%, 78.7% and 52.94% respectively, and 5-isopropyl-4,6-dimethyl-3,6,8-nonatriene-2-ol was the dominant components of the extract of E. odoratum that accounted for 63.28% of the all components. The inhibitory effect of the aqueous extracts of 4 toxic plants increased with the increase of concentration. The correlation analysis showed that soluble sugar was the main factor to inhibit the seed germination of S. pseudocapsicum.