不同寄主植物对云南松毛虫生长发育、繁殖及生理酶活性的影响

目的 基于不同寄主植物对云南松毛虫（Dendrolimus houi Lajonquiere）生长发育、繁殖、解毒酶和消化酶活性的影响,解析其对不同寄主植物的生理适应机制,为营造新型混交林开展生态调控提供理论依据。 方法 以柳杉、侧柏、柏木、云南松和马尾松为寄主植物进行室内饲养,分别比较不同寄主植物条件下云南松毛虫幼虫、蛹的发育历期和成虫繁殖力,并测定云南松毛虫5龄幼虫的解毒酶（谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GSTs）、细胞色素P450酶（CYP450）、羧酸酯酶（CarE））和消化酶（蛋白酶、淀粉酶（AMS）、脂肪酶（LPS））的活性。 结果 取食柳杉、柏木、侧柏和云南松的云南松毛虫幼虫具完整的生活史,而取食马尾松的幼虫只存活至5龄,不具有完整的生活史。同时,取食柳杉和柏木的云南松毛虫幼虫和蛹发育历期短、雌蛹重且成虫产卵多。取食柳杉和柏木的云南松毛虫5龄幼虫体内谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和细胞色素P450酶活性显著高于取食云南松、侧柏和马尾松的幼虫（P<0.05）。在3种消化酶中,取食柳杉与柏木的云南松毛虫幼虫体内蛋白酶活性均处于较高水平。 结论 云南松毛虫对柳杉和柏木具较好的适应性,虫体内解毒酶和蛋白酶可能是其对柳杉和柏木有较好适应性的主要原因。

Effects of Different Host Plants on the Growth,Reproduction and Physiological Enzyme Activity of Dendrolimus houi Lajonquiere (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

Objective To provide insights into carrying out ecological regulation of new mixed forest, the physiological adaptation mechanism of Dendrolimus houi Lajonquiere to different host plants was analyzed based on the effects of different host plants on the growth, reproduction, detoxification enzyme and digestive enzyme activities of D. houi. Methods The developmental duration of the larvae and pupae as well as the fecundity of adult of D. houi were measured through indoor rearing in hots plants of Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk, Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, Cupressus funebris Endl., Pinus yunnanensis Franch. and Pinus massoniana Lamb. The activities of detoxification enzymes (i. e. glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), and carboxylesterase (CarE)) and digestive enzymes (i. e. protease, amylase (AMS), and lipase (LPS)) in the 5th instar larvae of D. houi feeding on different host plants were also assayed. Results D. houi larvae feeding on C. fortunei, C. funebris, P. orientalis and P. yunnanensis had a complete life cycle, while the larvae feeding on P. massoniana only survived to the 5th instar and did not have a complete life cycle. At the same time, the larvae and pupae of D. houi feeding on C. fortunei and C. funebris had shorter developmental duration, heavier female pupae and more fecundity of adult compared with other host plants. The activities of GSTs and CYP450 in the 5th instar larvae of D. houi feeding on C. fortunei and C. funebris were significantly higher than those feeding on P. yunnanensis, P. orientalis and P. massoniana (P<0.05). Among the three digestive enzymes, the activities of protease in larvae of D. houi feeding on C. fortunei and C. funebris were relatively high. Conclusion Dendrolimus houi has better adaptability to Cryptomeria fortunei and Cupressus funebris than the other host plants, and detoxification enzymes and proteases within D. houi may be the key factors which affect their adaptability to Cryptomeria fortunei and Cupressus funebris.