不同环境温度和光照对鸭盲肠杯叶吸虫虫卵孵化的影响

为探索鸭盲肠杯叶吸虫Cyathocotyle caecumalis sp．nov虫卵孵化所需的最适温度和光照，设置每天室外日照3h、不同室温（28～36℃、20～28℃、10～20℃、0～10℃）以及在27℃恒温、无光照条件等5个试验组进行虫卵孵化试验。结果表明：室温28～36℃组和室温20～28℃组的虫卵发育较好，其孵化率分别为27.5％和25.2％，孵化时间分别为14d和21d；室温10～20℃组的虫卵发育较差，其孵化率为5.1％，孵化时间为28d；室温0～10℃组虫卵不发育；而27℃恒温、无光照条件组，虫卵发育差，毛蚴多死亡，孵不出毛蚴。试验表明鸭盲肠杯叶吸虫虫卵发育的适宜条件为20～36℃，每天日照3h。

The Influence of Different Temperatures and Sunlight on the Egg Hatchability of Duck Cyathocotyle caecumalis sp . nov

To test the most suitable temperature and illumination for the egg hatch of duck Cyathocotyle caecumalis sp .nov ,the hatch trail was set up as 5 groups under the conditions of 3 hours′sunshine per day with different room temperatures （28-36℃ ,20-28℃ ,10-20℃ and 0-10℃） as well as a constant temperature of 27℃ with no sunlight .The results showed that the egg hatchability of the groups of 28-36℃ and 20-28℃ were 27.5% and 25.2% , whose hatching time were 14 days and 21 days , respectively ;while for the group of 10-20℃ ,eggs developed poorly ：the hatchability was 5% and the hatching time was 28 days ;and none egg of the group of 0-10℃developed ;as to the group of constant temperature 27℃ with no sunlight ,the eggs merely developed and most of the miracidias died . This trail indicated that the most suitable condition for the egg development of duck Cyathocotyle caecumalis sp .nov was the temperature of 20-36℃ with more than 3 hours′sunshine per day .