11种乡土阔叶树在广州南沙的早期生长表现

于2008—2011年连续监测了广州南沙黄山鲁森林公园11种乡土阔叶树种的高生长、胸径生长及冠幅生长,及与邻近白楸次生林的根区土肥力比较研究,探讨这些树种的生长特点及改良土壤的潜力。结果表明,千果榄仁和白锥生长不适,死亡率较高,其他树种大都生长良好。其中,楝叶吴茱萸、西南桦、米老排和山杜英等表现出较快的树高、胸径和冠幅生长。与邻近的白楸次生林相比,3年生试验林林木根区土的有机质较低;不同树种的根区土肥力比较结果表明,火力楠和米老排的根区土肥力较高,生长快速的西南桦和楝叶吴茱萸次之,生长缓慢的白锥的根区土肥力较低,反映了不同树种改良土壤的潜力有较大差异。初步研究结果表明,火力楠和米老排等树种有利于土壤肥力的改良,西南桦和楝叶吴茱萸等速生树种有利于快速提高植被的覆盖率。

Early performance of growth variation among 11 broad-leaf tree species native to Nansha District,Guangzhou

The growth of height,diameter at breast height(DDBH) and canopy width(WCW) of 11 native broad-leaf tree species which were planted in Guangzhou Huang Shan Lu Forest Park in 2008 were given monitoring research,and the neighboring Mallotus paniculatus’ secondary forest and rhizosphere soil fertility of some tree species of experimental forest were studied.The results showed that: all tree species grew well,except Terminalia myriocarpa and Castanopsis faberi which were almost all dead for not adapted well.The height,DDBH and WCW of Tetradium glabrifolium,Betula alnoides,Mytilaria laosensis and Elaeocarpus sylvestris grew quickly.Content of soil organic matter in the experimental forest was lower than in Mallotus paniculatus’ secondary forest.But,for the effect of soil fertility improvement,Michelia macclurei and Mytilaria laosensis were the best,and the rapid growth’s Betula alnoides and Tetradium glabrifolium were better,and the soil fertility of Castanopsis faberi was the lowest.Preliminary result showed that Michelia macclurei and Mytilaria laosensis were good for soil improvement,and the fast-growing trees,Betula alnoides,and Tetradium glabrifolium,could provide effective increasing of forest coverage in the degradation hillsides.