基于GIS和RS的巢湖流域水土流失评估

基于地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感技术(RS),提取了巢湖流域地表覆盖、水土保持措施、坡度坡长、土壤可蚀性、降雨侵蚀力5个主要影响水土流失的因子,并运用修正的通用土壤侵蚀模型(revised univer-sal soil loss equation,RUSLE)估算土壤侵蚀量,生成水土流失等级分布图,从而完成对巢湖流域水土流失现状和空间分布特征的评估分析.结果表明,巢湖流域水土流失主要为微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀,分别占流域总面积的93.87％和6.04％.此外,坡度和植被覆盖是影响流域土壤侵蚀的主要因素.研究结果可为巢湖流域水土流失治理及决策提供科学参考.

Assessment and Analysis of Soil Erosion in Chaohu Lake Basin Based on GIS and Remote Sensing

Based on geographic information systems(GIS)and remote sensing(RS),five primary factors affecting soil erosion in the Chaohu Lake basin are extracted,i.e.,vegetation coverage,soil and water conservation measures,terrain,soil erodibility and rainfall erosivity.Meanwhile,the amount of soil erosion is estimated and the distribution map of soil erosion grade was acquired using the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)model.The assessment and analysis of soil erosion status and its spatial distribution patternsin the basin are performed.Numerical results indicate that the dominated soil erosion types in the basin arethe very slight erosion and slight erosion that account for 93.87% and 6.04%,respectively.In addition,slope and vegetation coverage are the main factors affecting the soil erosion status in the basin.The findingsfrom the study are valuable for soil erosion control and decision-making for the Chaohu Lake basin.