马铃薯增施钾肥增产效果的研究

目的]为马铃薯合理施肥提供依据。方法]以东农303为试材,在施用NPK及农家肥的基础上,研究了不同用量钾肥对马铃薯产量、品质及相关生理性状的影响。结果]随增施钾肥量提高产量明显提高,当钾肥用量达到一定量时(190 kg/hm2),继续提高钾肥量产量增加缓慢。块茎淀粉含量、干物质量和大中薯率的变化与产量一致。不同钾肥用量(90、140、190、240 kg/hm2)的处理分别较对照增产2 913.34、423.55、994.96、387.7 kg/hm2,淀粉含量较对照提高4.10%、7.38%、8.20%、9.02%,干物质量分别提高2.76%、5.52%、7.18%、8.84%,大中薯率分别提高8.00%1、3.50%、17.50%、21.50%,叶绿素含量分别提高9.58%、14.70%、16.93%、18.53%,叶面积系数分别提高4.11%、7.40%、8.49%、9.04%,净同化率分别提高14.30%1、8.91%、22.64%、25.99%。结论]马铃薯的钾肥适宜用量为190kg/hm2。

Study on the Effect of Increasing Yield of Potato by K Fertilizer Application

Objective] The study was to provide a base of the reasonable application fertilizer on potato.Method] With dongnong 303 as tested material,on the base of application of NPK and farmer fertilizers,the influence of K fertilizer with different dosage on the yield,quality and related physiological traits of potato were measured.Result] The yield of potato was increased obviously with increment of K fertilize dosage.When the dosage of K fertilize reached a quantity(190 kg/hm2),the yield of potato was increased slowly with increment of K fertilize.The variation of starch content in stem tuber,dry matter quantity and the rate of big and middle potato changed as that of yield.Compared with CK,the treatments with K fertilize at 90,140,190 and 240 kg/hm2 increased the potato yield by 2 913.3,4 423.5,5 994.9,6 387.7 kg/hm2 resp.,the starch content was 4.10%,7.38%,8.20% and 9.02% higher resp.,dry matter quantity was 2.76%,5.52%,7.18% and 8.84% higher resp.,the rate of big and middle potato was 8.00%,13.50%,17.50% and 21.50% higher resp.,the content of chlorophyl was 9.58%,14.70%,16.93%,18.53% higher resp.,leaf area index was r 4.11%,7.40%,8.49% and 9.04% higher resp.,net assimilation rate was higher 14.30%,18.91%,22.64%,25.99% resp.Conclusion] The optimum dosage of K fertilizer for potato was 190 kg/hm2.