坡垒、青皮在广东树木公园的引种表现

坡垒(Hopea hainanensis)、青皮(Vatica mangachapoi)在广东树木公园引种栽培近60 a,生长表现分析表明:两树种的树高、胸径、冠幅的年平均生长量分别为0.42 m、0.72 cm、0.14 m和0.40 m、0.52 cm、0.10 m,与原产地及勐仑植物园、南宁树木园同龄植株相比,生长速度中等;抽梢期、花期、果熟期、首花首果年龄均比原产地的有所推迟,多数物候指标与勐仑植物园差异不大;采集广东树木公园内种植的坡垒、青皮种子,培育坡垒苗木88株,青皮苗木201株,并分批种回树木园内;园内树木从未发生过明显的病虫害和寒害.表明坡垒、青皮在广东树木公园引种获得成功,建议在南亚热带以南地区大力推广种植.

Introduction Performance of Hopea hainanensis and Vatica mangachapoi in Guangdong Tree Park

Hopea hainanensis and Vatica mangachapoi have been cultivated in Guangdong Tree Park for almost 60 years. The average annual increase of height, diameter at breast height and canopy were 0.42 m, 0.72 cm and 0.14 m per year for H. hainanensis, and 0.40 m, 0.52 cm and 0.10 m for V. mangachapoi. The growth rates of these two species are in a medium range, compared to that of the individuals of the same ages in the origin and other introduced ranges. The time of elongation, anthesis and fructescence, as well as the first time of flowering and fruiting are later than that in the origin, but are similar to that in Menglun Botanical Garden in Yunnan province. The seeds of both species could not be stored for a long time, as a result it is better to sow right after the seed collection. H. hainanensis and V. mangachapoi have cultured 88 and 201 individuals, respectively. There were no obvious pest, disease and chilling damages detected in the park. These evidences suggest that these two species are successfully introduced in Guangdong Tree Park and that they are suitable for cultivation in south of subtropical area.